Frequency and factors associated to the use of, alcohol, smoking and psychoactive substances, in students from a Public University in Colombia : A mix-methods study
Background: to establish social support systems for university groups requires their characterization in terms of health, lifestyles and risk practices.
Objective: To determine the frequency and factors associated with the use of psychoactive substances, alcohol and smoking in undergraduate students of the Faculty of Dentistry (University of Antioquia).
Methods: Mix-methods study: 1) a descriptive study was conducted in 162 participans (54.3% female) by means of a survey and uni/bivariate analyses were performed, calculating absolute and relative frequencies and Chi square tests. 2) a qualitative study was conducted, by means of 6 focus groups, narrative content analysis and triangulation of the results. The ethical principles for health research were guaranteed.
Results: 30% reported high alcohol drinking in the last 30 days (greater proportion in men: 40% and p<0.05). Median age for beginning alcohol consumption was 15.0 (Interquartile range IQR 14.0-16.0) years. The frequency of current smoking was 11% and the experience (current/past) was 15%, in both cases greater in men. The consumption of psychoactive substances in the last year was 22% (greater in men) and the median age for beginning the consumption was 16.0 (IQR 15.0-18.5) years (earlier in men). Qualitative analysis unveiled categories related to consumption: 1) mood, 2) academic load, 3) profile of free time, 4) interpersonal relationships, 5) conditions related to opinions and previous experiences of consumption of themselves and of people around them.
Conclusions: Associated factors to the consumption of psychoactive substances, alcohol and smoking were observed that should be considered for designing promotion and prevention programs.
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