Prevalence of anomalies in number of teeth in children and adolescents in the dentistry clinics of the University of Valle, from 2005 to 2012
Introduction: the alterations in normal formation of the tooth germ during the odontogenic process, in primary or permanent dentition, are called dental anomalies. They are classified in anomalies affecting position, form, size and number of teeth. This last group includes both tooth agenesis and supernumerary teeth, meaning the congenital absence of one or more teeth and an additional number of teeth, respectively. The object was to determine the prevalence of anomalies in the number of teeth in 5 - 14 year old patients of the pediatric dentistry clinics of the School of Dentistry of the University of Valle, during the 2005-2012 period.
Methods: this was a cross-sectional descriptive study. 369 panoramic x-rays were observed, out of a total of 665, using the medical records for support; having an expected prevalence of 4%, a confidence interval (ci) of 95% and an accuracy level of 2%.
Results: prevalence of anomalies in number of teeth was 4.9% (ci 95%: 2.6-7.1). Tooth agenesis, excluding the third molar, were the most frequent with 3.8% (ci 95%: 1.8-5.7) with no significant difference between genders, as compared to supernumerary teeth, which were found in 1.1% (ci 95%: 0.0-2.1) and were only detected in men. Most cases were found in the higher arch.
Conclusion: anomalies in number of teeth, in this survey, were within the reported range in literature, being agenesis more frequently found than supernumerary teeth.
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