Heritability of the Components of the Cephalometric Measurements odi, apdi, and Mcnamara Triangle In Patients With Class II And Class III Skeletal Malocclusion, Attending The Dental Clinic of the Cooperative University of Colombia
Malocclusion is a pathological entity associated with abnormalities in craniofacial growth and development in which genetic and environmental factors are involved. The role of heritability has been widely investigated in craniometric and cephalometric studies of facial similarities, where it has been shown that the facial shape is the result of the genotype of the person, that is why, the facial appearance presents a familial hereditary tendency.
Objective: To determine the heritability of the components of the composite cephalometric measurements: ODI and APDI and McNamara's Triangle in patients with class II and class III of skeletal malocclusion, who went to the Orthodontic clinic of the UCC-Campus Pasto.
Methodology: A quantitative, observational and descriptive cross-sectional approach is developed by using a total sample of 60 pairs of siblings. The percentage of heritability is obtained by using the Haseman Elston linear regression test, where a value higher than 80% is considered highly heritable and values of P <0.05 are considered significant.
Results: The components that presented the highest heritability were: the cephalometric measurement shared between the ODI and APDI components, the Plano de Frankfort-Plano Palatino angle, with a 100%, and the linear measurement Condilion-Gnation, with a 98%.
Conclusions: Mandibular size is influenced by highly heritable factors, but the mandibular position, represented by Facial Plane - Frankfort Plane and ENA-Me, has low heritability, it means that is highly adaptable. Cephalometric measurements such as Plane-Facial Plane-AB and Plane-Mandibular Plane-AB, are the result of a relationship between the maxillary and the mandible, presenting a low heritability, which suggests that they are influenced by external factors inherent to each person.
How to Cite
License
Copyright (c) 2022 Revista Nacional de Odontología
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
Every single author of the articles has to declare that is an original unpublished work exclusively created by them, that it has not been submitted for simultaneous evaluation by another publication and that there is no impediment of any kind for concession of the rights provided for in the contract.
In this sense, the authors committed to await the result of the evaluation by the journal Revista Nacional de Odontologia before considering its submission to another medium; in case the response by that publication is positive, additionally, the authors committed to respond for any action involving claims, plagiarism or any other kind of claim that could be made by third parties.
At the same time, the authors have to declare that they are completely in agreement with the conditions presented in their work and that they cede all patrimonial rights. These rights involve reproduction, public communication, distribution, dissemination, transformation, making it available and all forms of exploitation of the work using any medium or procedure, during the term of the legal protection of the work and in every country in the world, to the Universidad Cooperativa de Colombia Press.
Infante Correa C. Desarrollo dental y estructuras de soporte. Fundam para la Evaluación del Crecimiento, Desarro y Función Craneofacial. 2010;261–2.
Peláez AN. Prevalencia, severidad de maloclusión y necesidad de tratamiento ortodóncico según el índice estético denta. Rev Fac Odontol la Univ Nac del Nord. 2016;9(1):73–6.
Oshagh M, Ghaderi F, Pakshir HR, Baghmollai AM. The Mediterranean Health Journal Sixteenth Volume Twelfth Issue Prevalence of malocclusions in school-age children attending the orthodontics department of Shiraz University of Medical Sciences In medical sciences, university in dentistry, evaluation, department, on-going schools, students, between occlusions, malabsorption Rate. 2010;16(12):1246.
Joshi N, Hamdan AM, Fakhouri WD. Skeletal Malocclusion: A Developmental Disorder With a Life-Long Morbidity. J Clin Med Res [Internet]. 2014 [cited 2021 Jul 19];6(6):399. Available from: /pmc/articles/PMC4169080/
Chan GXL, Tan ELY, Chew MT, Wong HC, Foong KWC, Yow M. Prevalence of Class I, II and III skeletal relationships and its association with dental anomalies in an ethnic Chinese orthodontic population: https://doi.org/101177/20101058211000779 [Internet]. 2021 Mar 22 [cited 2021 Jul 19]; Available from: https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/full/10.1177/20101058211000779
Birgit Thinlander, Lucia Peña, Clementina Infante, Sara Etella Parada C de M. Prevalence of malocclusion and orthodonctic treatment need in children and adolescents in Bogota Colombia. An epidemiological study related to different stages of dental development. Eur J Orthod [Internet]. 2001 [cited 2019 May 18];23(153-167.). Available from: https://watermark.silverchair.com/230153.pdf?token=AQECAHi208BE49Ooan9kkhW_Ercy7Dm3ZL_9Cf3qfKAc485ysgAAAjYwggIyBgkqhkiG9w0BBwagggIjMIICHwIBADCCAhgGCSqGSIb3DQEHATAeBglghkgBZQMEAS4wEQQMOaEPsohWFomNvhoXAgEQgIIB6SzP5ny-H-AbiG8vnyio9JUADeb0Md6aWoXG7w0aofsuLRFl
Mafla AC, Barrera DA. Maloclusión y necesidad de tratamiento ortodóntico en adolescentes de Pasto, Colombia. Rev Fac Odontol Univ Antioq [Internet]. 2011 [cited 2019 May 18];22(2):173–85. Available from: http://www.scielo.org.co/pdf/rfoua/v22n2/v22n2a05.pdf
David Botina Narvaez Jose Luis Guevara Legarda O, Juan Pasto S DE. UNIVERSIDAD COOPERATIVA DE COLOMBIA PROGRAMA DE ODONTOLOGÍA SISTEMA DE INVESTIGACIONES.
Harris EF, Johnson MG. Heritability of craniometric and occlusal variables: A longitudinal sib analysis. Am J Orthod Dentofac Orthop [Internet]. 1991 Mar [cited 2019 May 19];99(3):258–68. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1998301
Hunter WS. A study of the inheritance of craniofacial characteristics as seen in lateral cephalograms of 72 like-sexed twins. Rep Congr Eur Orthod Soc [Internet]. 1965 [cited 2019 May 19];41:59–70. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/5222375
Manfredi C1, Martina R, Grossi GB GM. Heritability of 39 orthodontic cephalometric parameters on MZ, DZ twins and MN-paired singletons. - PubMed - NCBI. Am J Orthod Dentofac Orthop [Internet]. 1997 [cited 2019 May 19];1:44–51. Available from: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9009923
Savoye I, Loos R, Carels C, Derom C, Vlietinck R. A genetic study of anteroposterior and vertical facial proportions using model-fitting. Angle Orthod [Internet]. 1998 Oct [cited 2019 May 19];68(5):467–70. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9770105
Fatima F, Fida M, Shaikh A. Reliability of overbite depth indicator (ODI) and anteroposterior dysplasia indicator (APDI) in the assessment of different vertical and sagittal dental malocclusions: a receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis. Dental Press J Orthod [Internet]. 2016 Dec [cited 2019 May 26];21(5):75–81. Available from: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S2176-94512016000500075&lng=en&tlng=en
Han SH, Park Y. Growth patterns and overbite depth indicators of long and short faces in Korean adolescents: Revisited through mixed‐effects analysis. Orthod Craniofac Res [Internet]. 2018 Dec 10 [cited 2019 May 27];ocr.12255. Available from: https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1111/ocr.12255
Narvaez, Richard. Santacruz, Angie. Viveros E. Heredabilidad de las medidas cefalometricas de la maloclusion clase II Esqueletica. Universidad Cooperatica de Colombia; 2019.
Delgado, Katherine. España, Nazly. Quintero M. Heredabilidad de las medidas cefalométricas de la maloclusion Clase III Esquelética. Universidad Cooperativa de Colombia; 2019.
Kim D-K, Sung J, Song Y-M, Kim E-M, Kim YH, Baek S-H. Differences in heritability of craniofacial skeletal and dental characteristics between hypo- and hyper-divergent patterns using Falconer’s method and principal component analysis. Angle Orthod [Internet]. 2019 Mar [cited 2019 May 29];89(2):242–51. Available from: http://www.angle.org/doi/10.2319/062518-475.1
Xu X, Weiss S, Xu X, Wei LJ. A Unified Haseman-Elston Method for Testing Linkage with Quantitative Traits. Am J Hum Genet [Internet]. 2000 Oct [cited 2021 Feb 14];67(4):1025–8. Available from: https://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S0002929707632996
Freudenthaler J, Celar A, Kubota M, Akimoto S, Sato S, Schneider B. Comparison of Japanese and European overbite depth indicator and antero-posterior dysplasia indicator values. Eur J Orthod [Internet]. 2012 Feb 1 [cited 2019 May 26];34(1):114–8. Available from: https://academic.oup.com/ejo/article-lookup/doi/10.1093/ejo/cjq177
Obamiyi S, Wang Z, Sommers E, Rossouw PE, Michelogiannakis D. Overbite depth indicator and anteroposterior dysplasia indicator cephalometric norms for African Americans. Angle Orthod. 2019;89(6):897–902.
Anderson G, Henry ;, Fields W, Beck M, Chacon G, Vig KWL. Development of Cephalometric Norms Using a Unified Facial and Dental Approach [Internet]. Vol. 76, Angle Orthodontist. 2006 [cited 2021 Mar 5]. Available from: http://meridian.allenpress.com/angle-orthodontist/article-pdf/76/4/612/1384496/0003-3219
Negishi S, Richards LC, Hughes T, Kondo S, Kasai K. Genetic contribution to palatal morphology variation using three-dimensional analysis in Australian twins. Arch Oral Biol [Internet]. 2020 Jul 1 [cited 2021 Mar 6];115:104740. Available from: https://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S0003996920301187
Manfredi C, Martina R, Grossi GB, Giuliani M. Heritability of 39 orthodontic cephalometric parameters on MZ, DZ twins and MN-paired singletons. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop [Internet]. 1997 [cited 2021 Mar 31];111(1):44–51. Available from: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/9009923/
Méndez-Benegassi Silva I, Vasallo García V, Cenjor Español Fundación Jiménez Díaz Madrid C. ANATOMÍA Y EMBRIOLOGÍA DE LA NARIZ Y SENOS PARANASALES.
Botti S, Rumeau C, Gallet P, Jankowski R. Vomero-premaxillary joint: A marker of evolution of the species. Eur Ann Otorhinolaryngol Head Neck Dis [Internet]. 2017 Apr 1 [cited 2021 Mar 12];134(2):83–7. Available from: https://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S1879729616301922
Sato S. La dinamica de la anatomia funcional del complejo craneofacial y su relacion con la denticion. 2003.
Scott JH. Scott JH. The analysis of facial growth from fetal life to adulthood. Angle Orthod [Internet]. 1963 [cited 2021 Mar 12];33(2):110–3. Available from: https://meridian.allenpress.com/angle-orthodontist/search-results?page=1&q=Scott JH. The analysis of facial growth from fetal life to adulthood. The Angle Orthodontist. 1963%3B33(2)%3A110-3.&SearchSourceType=1
Johannsdottir B, Thorarinsson F, Thordarson A, Magnusson TE. Heritability of craniofacial characteristics between parents and offspring estimated from lateral cephalograms. Am J Orthod Dentofac Orthop [Internet]. 2005 Feb 1 [cited 2021 May 6];127(2):200–7. Available from: http://www.ajodo.org/article/S0889540604008297/fulltext
Manjusha KK, Jyothindrakumar K, Nishad A, Manoj KM. Growth and Development of Dentofacial Complex influenced by Genetic and Environmental Factors using Monozygotic Twins. J Contemp Dent Pr. 2017;18(9):754–8.
Lobb WK. Craniofacial morphology and occlusal variation in monozygous and dizygous twins. Angle Orthod [Internet]. 1987 Jul [cited 2021 Mar 31];57(3):219–33. Available from: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/3477969/
Watnick SS. Inheritance of craniofacial morphology. Angle Orthod [Internet]. 1972 Oct [cited 2021 Mar 31];42(4):339–51. Available from: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/4507150/
Arya BS, Savara BS, Clarkson QD, Thomas DR. Genetic variability of craniofacial dimensions. Angle Orthod [Internet]. 1973 [cited 2021 Mar 31];43(2):207–15. Available from: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/4512001/
Kim E, Sung J, Song Y-M, Chae HS, Mo S-S, Kim YH, et al. Heritability of Facial Skeletal and Dental Characteristics of Monozygotic and Dizygotic Twins Using Cephalometric Analysis and Falconerʼs Method. J Craniofac Surg [Internet]. 2018 Feb [cited 2019 May 24];29(3):1. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/29419588
Šidlauskas M, Šalomskienė L, Andriuškevičiūtė I, Šidlauskienė M, Labanauskas Ž, Vasiliauskas A, et al. Heritability of mandibular cephalometric variables in twins with completed craniofacial growth. Eur J Orthod [Internet]. 2016 Oct 1 [cited 2019 May 24];38(5):493–502. Available from: https://academic.oup.com/ejo/article-lookup/doi/10.1093/ejo/cjv062
Carels C, Van Cauwenberghe N, Savoye I, Willems G, Loos R, Derom C, et al. A quantitative genetic study of cephalometric variables in twins. Orthod Craniofacial Res [Internet]. 2001 [cited 2021 Mar 31];4(3):130–40. Available from: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/11553097/
Tiro A, Dzemidzic V, Salaga-Nefic S, Redzic I, Nakas E. Heritability of Craniofacial Characteristics in Twins - Cephalometric Study. Med Arch (Sarajevo, Bosnia Herzegovina) [Internet]. 2019 Jun 1 [cited 2021 Mar 31];73(3):205–8. Available from: /pmc/articles/PMC6643326/
Peng J, Deng H, Cao CF, Ishikawa M. Craniofacial morphology in Chinese female twins: A semi-longitudinal cephalometric study. Eur J Orthod [Internet]. 2005 Dec [cited 2021 Mar 31];27(6):556–61. Available from: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/16257991/
AlKhudhairi TD, AlKofide EA. Cephalometric craniofacial features in Saudi parents and their offspring. Angle Orthod [Internet]. 2010 Nov [cited 2021 Mar 31];80(6):1010–7. Available from: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/20677948/
Amini F, waves AB-F-O, 2009 undefined. Heritability of dental and skeletal cephalometric variables in monozygous and dizygous Iranian twins. Elsevier [Internet]. [cited 2021 Mar 31]; Available from: https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1344024109000041
Chai Y, Jiang X, Ito Y, Bringas P, Han J, Rowitch DH, et al. Fate of the mammalian cranial neural crest during tooth and mandibular morphogenesis. Development. 2000;127(8).
Experimental studies on pathology and therapy of otospongiosis - PubMed [Internet]. [cited 2021 Mar 12]. Available from: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/2983562/
Petrovic AG, Stutzmann JJ. Reaktionsfähigkeit des tierischen und menschlichen Kondylenknorpels auf Zell- und Molekularebene im Lichte einer kybernetischen Auffassung des fazialen Wachstums. Fortschr Kieferorthop [Internet]. 1988 [cited 2021 Mar 12];49(5):405–25. Available from: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/3053370/
Hinton RJ, Jing J, Feng JQ. Genetic Influences on Temporomandibular Joint Development and Growth. In: Current Topics in Developmental Biology [Internet]. Academic Press Inc.; 2015 [cited 2021 Mar 12]. p. 85–109. Available from: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/26589922/
Hinton RJ, Serrano M, So S. Differential gene expression in the perichondrium and cartilage of the neonatal mouse temporomandibular joint. Orthod Craniofacial Res [Internet]. 2009 Aug [cited 2021 Mar 10];12(3):168–77. Available from: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/19627518/
Temporospatial cell interactions regulating mandibular and maxillary arch patterning - PubMed [Internet]. [cited 2021 Mar 12]. Available from: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/10603356/
Bruder SP, Jaiswal N, Haynesworth SE. Growth kinetics, self-renewal, and the osteogenic potential of purified human mesenchymal stem cells during extensive subcultivation and following cryopreservation. J Cell Biochem. 1997 Feb;64(2):278–94.
Boyan BD, Caplan AI, Heckman JD, Lennon DP, Ehler W, Schwartz Z. Osteochondral progenitor cells in acute and chronic canine nonunions. J Orthop Res. 1999;17(2):246–55.
De Haan G, Nijhof W, Van Zant G. Mouse strain-dependent changes in frequency and proliferation of hematopoietic stem cells during aging: Correlation between lifespan and cycling activity. Blood. 1997;89(5):1543–50.
Tulloch JF, Phillips C, Proffit WR. Benefit of early Class II treatment: progress report of a two-phase randomized clinical trial. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop. 1998;113(1).
Rabie ABM, Wong L, Tsai M. Replicating mesenchymal cells in the condyle and the glenoid fossa during mandibular forward positioning. Am J Orthod Dentofac Orthop. 2003 Jan 1;123(1):49–57.
Sreedevi G, Srinivas B, Praveen Kumar Reddy T, Krishna Prasad CMS, Sunil Kumar B, Satish R. Heritability of thirty cephalometric parameters on monozygotic and dizygotic twins: Twin study method. J Contemp Dent Pract [Internet]. 2013 [cited 2021 May 6];14(2):304–11. Available from: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/23811664/
Dudas M, Sassouni V. The hereditary components of mandibular growth, a longitudinal twin study. Angle Orthod [Internet]. 1973 [cited 2021 Mar 31];43(3):314–23. Available from: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/4515778/
Lundstrom A, McWilliam JS. A comparison of vertical and horizontal cephalometric variables with regard to heritability. Eur J Orthod [Internet]. 1987 May 1 [cited 2021 Mar 31];9(2):104–8. Available from: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/3472887/
