Revisión sistemática : cantidad y periodicidad de las radiografías, fotografías y modelos de estudio para el seguimiento en los tratamientos de ortodoncia.
Universidad Cooperativa de Colombia, sede Medellín
Odontóloga
email: revista.odontologia@ucc.edu.co
Universidad Cooperativa de Colombia
Odontólogo
email: revista.odontologia@ucc.edu.co
Universidad Cooperativa de Colombia
Odontóloga
email: revista.odontologia@ucc.edu.co
Universidad Pontificia Bolivariana
Médica. Candidata a Ph.D. en Epidemiología
email: revista.odontologia@ucc.edu.co
Universidad Cooperativa de Colombia
email: revista.odontologia@ucc.edu.co
Introducción: el objetivo de esta investigación fue identificar en la literatura disponible la cantidad y periodicidad de las radiografías, fotografías y modelos para realizar el seguimiento de los pacientes que están en tratamiento de ortodoncia.
Materiales y métodos: se realizó una revisión sistemática que consistió en una búsqueda en varias bases de datos electrónicas para encontrar artículos que incluyeran dentro de su metodología la descripción de la cantidad y la frecuencia de las radiografías panorámica y cefálica lateral, de las fotografías o de los modelos de estudio. Se eligieron estudios de cohorte, ensayos clínicos y de casos, y controles con límite de idioma inglés y español. A los estudios seleccionados se les aplicó la escala de Jadad y de Newcastle-Ottawa para establecer su calidad metodológica; además, se determinó la edad de los grupos intervenidos para identificar el tipo de tratamiento de ortodoncia: interceptivo o correctivo.
Resultados: la búsqueda arrojó un total de 342 artículos; una vez identificados por título y resumen, se excluyeron 273 porque no estaban relacionados con el tema de investigación, por el idioma, por el tipo de estudio o por no tener acceso a la publicación. En total se incluyeron 60 artículos.
Conclusiones: a pesar de la heterogeneidad de los estudios incluidos, se realiza un consenso de autores sobre la cantidad y la periodicidad de la toma de registros en ortodoncia. Para el tratamiento interceptivo, se sugieren registros al inicio o pretratamiento, a los seis meses de seguimiento, al año de seguimiento, al momento de retirar la aparatología y dos años después de finalizado el tratamiento. Para el tratamiento correctivo, se sugieren registros al inicio o pretratamiento, a los doce meses de seguimiento, al momento de finalización y dos años después del tratamiento.
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