Cetosis en rebaños lecheros : presentación y control
Universidad Austral de Chile
Médica Veterinaria de la Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria, Brasil. Doctora en Ciencias Veterinarias de la Universidad Austral de Chile, Valdivia, Chile. Docente del Instituto de Ciencias Clínicas Veterinarias de la Universidad Austral de Chile, Valdivia, Chile.
email: mirelanoro@gmail.com
Universidad Cooperativa de Colombia
Médica Veterinaria de la Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria, Brasil. Magíster en Ciencias Veterinarias con mención en Salud Animal de la Universidad Austral de Chile, Valdivia, Chile. Docente de tiempo completo de la Universidad Cooperativa de Colombia, sede Bucaramanga. Miembro del grupo de investigación “Nutrición, Toxicología y Reproducción Animal” de la Facultad de Medicina Veterinaria y Zootecnia de la Universidad Cooperativa de Colombia, sede Bucaramanga.
email: clarissa.strieder@campusucc.edu.co
Las pérdidas económicas de los sistemas lecheros debidas a desbalances metabólicos están relacionadas con un inadecuado manejo en el periodo de transición, predisponiendo a la presentación de trastornos de salud que se reflejan en pérdidas en la producción de leche, eficiencia productiva y bienestar animal. Las fallas en los mecanismos de adaptación metabólica en el periodo de transición y lactancia temprana están directamente asociadas con las altas tasas de movilización de lípidos, que predisponen la presentación de cetosis. La cetosis es una enfermedad metabólica que afecta a las vacas lecheras de alta producción láctea, asociada con el balance energético negativo. La cetosis se clasifica en dos tipos, según los trastornos metabólicos que las caracterizan: tipo I hipoglucémica-hipoinsulinémica, y tipo II híperglucémica-hiperinsulinémica; ambos tipos pueden ser controlados y prevenidos por medio de estrategias de manejo, dieta y aditivos durante diferentes etapas de la lactancia. La falta de diagnóstico y de prevención del balance energético negativo y de la cetosis genera pérdidas productivas por la alta presentación de enfermedades, bajas tasas reproductivas, recurso humano, tratamiento y descarte precoz de animales en el rebaño. El presente documento tiene como objetivo revisar los aspectos generales de la presentación de cetosis y las estrategias de control en rebaños lecheros.
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En ese sentido, me comprometo a esperar un resultado de evaluación de la revista, antes de considerar su presentación a otro medio, en caso de que la respuesta de publicación no sea positiva; adicionalmente, me comprometo a responder por cualquier acción de reivindicación, plagio u otra clase de reclamación que al respecto pudiera sobrevivir por parte de terceros.
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