Sleep habits
academic performance and behavior in primary school children
Introduction: A reduction in sleep time or the presence of sleep alterations has considerable
repercussions in the performance of any person during wakefulness.
Objectives: This study aimed to identify the relationship between sleep habits and academic performance and behavior in primary school children.
Methodology: Participants were 405 children enrolled in public and private educational institutions. Parents answered the Children’s Sleep Habits Questionnaire (CSHQ) and the Behavior Assessment System for Children (BASC), while teachers assessed student performance through the Academic Performance Rating Scale (APRS).
Results: Children slept 8.75 hours on average, which is less than suggested for these ages and less than found in other studies. Children from the public school had scores indicating greater difficulties in different sleep subscales with respect to students from the private school. A significant decrease in nocturnal sleep time during the week was observed as children progressed in age. Furthermore, it was possible to establish a significant positive relationship between sleep and behavior, and a negative relationship between the latter and academic performance.
Conclusions: The presence of sleep problems was associated with behavioral alterations in children, which, in turn, were associated with a lower academic performance. These data highlight the importance of sleeping well as a necessary condition to achieve optimal performance at school.
How to Cite
License
As the author of the article, I declare that is an original unpublished work exclusively created by me, that it has not been submitted for simultaneous evaluation by another publication and that there is no impediment of any kind for concession of the rights provided for in this contract.
In this sense, I am committed to await the result of the evaluation by the journal Pensando Psicología before considering its submission to another medium; in case the response by that publication is positive, additionally, I am committed to respond for any action involving claims, plagiarism or any other kind of claim that could be made by third parties.
At the same time, as the author or co-author, I declare that I am completely in agreement with the conditions presented in this work and that I cede all patrimonial rights, in other words, regarding reproduction, public communication, distribution, dissemination, transformation, making it available and all forms of exploitation of the work using any medium or procedure, during the term of the legal protection of the work and in every country in the world, to the Universidad Cooperativa de Colombia Press.
Astill, R., Heijden, K., IJzendoorn, M. y Someren, E. (2012). Sleep, cognition and behavioral problems in school-age children: a century of research meta-analyzed. Psychological Bulletin, 138(6), 1109-1138. doi: 10.1037/a0028204
Avdaloff, W. (2000). Medicina del sueño: Fundamentos científicos y aspectos clínicos. Santiago de Chile: Mediterráneo.
Blunden, S. y Chervin, D. (2008). Sleep problems are associated with poor outcomes in remedial teaching programmes: A preliminary study. Journal of Paediatrics and Child Health, 44, 237–242. doi: 10.1111/j.1440-1754.2007.01237.x
Buela-Casal, G. y Navarro, F. (1998). Avances de la investigación del sueño y sus trastornos. Madrid: Siglo XXI.
Cardona, J. (2006). Sueño, pobreza y TDAH. En Déficit de Atención e Hiperactividad: bases genéticas, clínicas y terapéuticas (pp. 111-115). Fundación gradas.
Cortesi, F., Giannotti, F., Sebastiani, T., Vagnoni C. y Marioni, P. (2008). Cosleeping versus solitary sleeping in children with bedtime problems: child emotional problems and parental distress. Behavioral Sleep Medicine, 6, 89–105. doi: 10.1080/15402000801952922
Dewald, J. F., Meijer, A. M., Oort, F. J., Kerkhof, G. A. y Bogels S. M. (2009). The influence of sleep quality, sleep duration and sleepiness on school performance in children and adolescents: A meta-analytic review. Sleep Medicine Reviews, 1-11. doi: 10.1016/j.smrv.2009.10.004
DuPaul, G., Rapport, M. y Perriello, L. (1991). Teacher ratings of academic skills: The development of the academic performance rating scale. School Psychology Review, 20(2), 284-300.
Keller, P., Smith, O., Gilbert, L., Bi, S., Haak, E. y Buckhalt, J. (2014). Earlier school start times as a risk factor for poor school performance: an examination of public elementary schools in the commonwealth of Kentucky. Journal of Educational Psychology, 107(1), 236-245. doi: 10.1037/a0037195
Liu, X., Liu, L., Owens, J. y Kaplan, D. (2005). Sleep Patterns and Sleep Problems Among Schoolchildren in the United States and China. Pediatrics, 115(1), 241-249.
Meijer A. M. (2008). Chronic sleep reduction, functioning at school and school achievement in preadolescent. Journal of Sleep Research, 17, 395-405. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2869.2008.00677.x
Molfese, D., Ivanenko, A., Fonaryova Key, A., Roman, A., Molfese, V., O’Brien, L., … y Hudac, C. (2013). A onehour sleep restriction impacts brain processing in young children across tasks: evidence from event-related potentials. Developmental Neuropsychology, 38(5), 317–336. doi: 10.1080/87565641.2013.799169
Oka, Y., Suzuki, S. y Inoue, Y. (2008). Bedtime activities, sleep environment, and sleep/wake patterns of Japanese elementary school children. Behavioral Sleep Medicine, 6, 220–233. doi: 10.1080/15402000802371338
Owens, J. A., Fernando, S. y Mc Guinn, M. (2005). Sleep disturbance and injury risk in young children. Behavioral sleep medicine, 3(1), 18-3. doi: 10.1207/s15402010bsm0301_4
Owens, J. A. y Mindell, J. A. (2005). Take charge of your child´s sleep. New York: Marlowe y Compañy.
Owens, J., Spirito, A. y McGuinn, M. (2000). The Children’s Sleep Habits Questionnaire (cshq): Psychometric properties of a survey instrument for school-aged children. Sleep, 23(8), 1-9.
Perfect, M., Levine-Donnerstein, D., Archbold, K., Goodwin, J. y Quan, S. (2014). The contribution of sleep problems to academic and psychosocial functioning. Psychology in the Schools, 51(3), 273-295. doi: 10.1002/pits.21746
Pineda, D. A., Kamphaus, R. W., Mora, O., Puerta, I. C., Palacio, L. G., Jiménez, I., … Lopera, F. (1999). Uso de una escala multidimensional para padres de niños de 6 a 11 años en el diagnóstico de deficiencia atencional con hiperactividad. Revista de Neurología, 28, 952-959.
Ramírez, M., Muñoz, L., Noreña, M., Aguirre, A., López, J. y Cornejo, W. (2008). Prevalencia de los trastornos del sueño en niños escolares de Sabaneta, Colombia. Iatreia, 21(2), 113-120.
Reynolds, C. R. y Kamphaus, R. W. (1992). Behavior assessment system for children. Circle Pines, Minnesota: American Guidance Service.
Ravid, S., Afek, I., Suraiya, S., Shahar, E. y Pillar, G. (2009). Kindergarten children’s failure to qualify for first grade could result from sleep disturbances. Journal of Child Neurology, 24(7), 816-822. doi: 10.1177/0883073808330766
Sadeh, A., Gruber, R. y Raviv A. (2002). Sleep, neurobehavioral functioning, and behavior problems in schoolage children. Child Development, 73(2), 405-417. doi: 10.1111/1467-8624.00414
Sadeh, A., Gruber, R. y Raviv, A. (2003). The effects of sleep restriction and extension on school-age children: what a difference an hour makes. Child Development, 74(2), 444-455. doi: 10.1111/1467-8624.7402008
Santos, A. I., Marques, M., Espírito-Santo, H. y Cunha, M. (2015). Parent’s perception on sleep and internalizing/externalizing behavior problems in children from six to eleven years old. European Psychiatry, 30(1), 1176. doi: 10.1016/S0924-9338(15)30930-5
Surani, S., Khimani, A., Surani, S., Rao, S. y Subramanian, S. (2014). Sleep habit among elementary school children in South Texas. Chest, 145(3), 452A. doi:10.1378/chest.1799634
Taras, H. y Potts-Datema, W. (2005). Sleep and student performance at school. Journal of School Health, 77(7), 248-254. doi: 10.1111/j.1746-1561.2005.00033.x
Titova, O., Hogenkamp, P., Jacobsson, J., Feldman I., Schiöth, H. y Benedict, C. (2015). Associations of self-reported sleep disturbance and duration with academic failure in community-dwelling Swedish adolescents: Sleep and academic performance at school. Sleep Medicine, 16, 87-93. doi: 10.1016/j.sleep.2014.09.004
Vriend, J., Davidson, F., Corkum, P., Rusak, B. y McLaughlin, E. (2012). Sleep Quantity and Quality in Relation to Daytime Functioning in Children. Children’s Health Care, 41, 204–222. doi: 10.1080/02739615.2012.685039
Yokomaku, A., Misao, K., Omoto, F., Yamagishi, R., Tanaka, K., Takada, K. y Kohyama, J. (2008). A study of the association between sleep habits and problematic behaviors in preschool children. Chronobiology International, 25(4), 549-564. doi: 10.1080/07420520802261705
Úsuga, M. (2004). Asociación entre los trastornos del sueño y el Trastorno por Déficit de Atención con Hiperactividad (TDAH) en niños de 6 a 16 años de edad del Valle de Aburrá: una revisión documental (Tesis para optar al título de psicólogo). Universidad de Antioquia, Medellín.
