Niveles de metales pesados en muestras biológicas y su importancia en salud

Lesbia Rosa Tirado Amador; Farith Damián González Martínez; Leonardo José Martínez Hernández; Luis Alberto Wilches Vergara; José Nelson Celedón  Suárez

doi:10.16925/od.v11i21.895

Níveis de metais pesados em amostras biológicas e sua importância em saúde

Artículos de revisión

https://doi.org/10.16925/od.v11i21.895

Lesbia Rosa Tirado Amador Ver Biografía

Universidad de Cartagena

Farith Damián González Martínez Ver Biografía

Universidad de Cartagena

Leonardo José Martínez Hernández Ver Biografía

Universidad de Cartagena

Luis Alberto Wilches Vergara Ver Biografía

Universidad de Cartagena

José Nelson Celedón Suárez Ver Biografía

Universidad de Cartagena

Na sociedade do século xxi —focada no desenvolvimento socioeconómico—, a continua industrialização, a prática da mineração e de atividades produtivas como a agricultura, são opções atraentes; no entanto, no desenvolvimento destas atividades é frequente o uso e a emissão de alguns químicos para o meio ambiente, dentro dos quais estão os metais pesados. No organismo dos seres vivos estão presentes pequenas quantidades de alguns metais pesados que podem intervir em reações bioquímicas; porém, outros metais não representam utilidade biológica. Por isso, a exposição ocupacional e a exposição passiva a metais pesados presentes no ambiente ou que provem da dieta deve ser regulada, porque em quantidades superiores às consideradas normais podem ocasionar algumas doenças. O controle da exposição a metais pesados inclui monitorar os níveis presentes em diferentes matrizes biológicas como o sangue, a urina, a saliva o cabelo e as unhas. Cada uma destas matrizes estará indicada de acordo com o tipo de exposição que tenha experimentado o indivíduo; além disso irá oferecer algumas vantagens e limitações. É por isso que esta revisão procura informar sobre os efeitos ocasionados no organismo por níveis excessivos de alguns metais pesados e a utilidade oferecida pelas matrizes biológicas na determinação de tais níveis.

Palavras-chave: cabelo, cadmio, cobre, mercúrio, urina, chumbo, saliva, sangue, unhas, zinco

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Níveis de metais pesados em amostras biológicas e sua importância em saúde. (2015). Revista Nacional De Odontología, 11(21). https://doi.org/10.16925/od.v11i21.895

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