Hereditariedade dos componentes das medidas cefalométricas ODI, APDI e Triângulo Mcnamara em pacientes com má oclusão esquelética classe ii e classe iii, frequentando a clínica dentária da Universidad Cooperativa de Colombia
Facultad de odontología, Universidad Cooperativa de Colombia
email: lizeth.enriquez@campusucc.edu.co
Facultad de odontología, Universidad Cooperativa de Colombia. Especialización en Ortodoncia. Cl 18 #47 -150, Pasto, Nariño.
email: angela.cordobap@campusucc.edu.co
Facultad de Odontología, Colegio Odontológico. Colombia
email: angela.cordobap@campusucc.edu.co
Facultad de Odontología, Colegio Odontológico. Colombia
email: angela.cordobap@campusucc.edu.co
Universidad del Valle, Colombia. Facultad de salud pública
email: angela.cordobap@campusucc.edu.co
Grupo GIOD, Universidad Cooperativa de Colombia, Pasto, Nariño, Colombia
email: angela.cordobap@campusucc.edu.co
A má oclusão é uma entidade patológica associada a anormalidades no crescimento e desenvolvimento cra-niofacial em que intervêm fatores genéticos e ambientais. O papel da herdabilidade tem sido amplamente investigado em estudos craniométricos e cefalométricos de semelhanças faciais, onde foi demonstrado que a forma facial é resultado do genótipo do indivíduo, portanto, a aparência facial tem uma tendência hereditária familiar.
Objetivo: Determinar a herdabilidade dos componentes das medidas cefalométricas compostas: ODI e APDI e Triângulo de McNamara em pacientes com má oclusão esquelética classe II e classe III, que frequentam a clínica de Ortodontia do UCC-Campus Pasto.
Metodologia: Abordagem quantitativa, observacional, descritiva transversal, que utiliza uma amostra total de 60 pares de irmãos. A porcentagem de herdabilidade foi calculada usando o teste de regressão linear de Haseman Elston, onde um valor maior que 80% é considerado altamente hereditário e valores de P<0,05 foram considerados significativos.
Resultados: Os componentes que apresentaram maior herdabilidade foram; a medida cefalométrica compar-tilhada entre os componentes ODI e APDI, o ângulo Plano-Palatino de Frankfort, com 100% e a medida linear Condilion-Gnation com 98%.
Conclusões: O tamanho mandibular é influenciado por fatores altamente hereditários, mas a posição mandibu-lar, representada pelo Plano Facial - Plano de Frankfurt e ENA-Me tem baixa herdabilidade, ou seja, altamente adaptável. Medidas cefalométricas como Plano Facial-Plano AB e Plano Mandibular-Plano AB, são resultado de uma relação entre a maxila e a mandíbula, apresentando baixa herdabilidade, o que sugere que sejam influenciadas por fatores externos inerentes a cada sujeito.
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