Sugar intake and early childhood caries in Cali, Colombia

Lina María Villegas Trujillo; Judy Elena Villavicencio Flórez; Fanny Rios; Adolfo Contreras Rengifo

doi:10.16925/2357-4607.2019.02.11

Sugar intake and early childhood caries in Cali, Colombia

Research Articles

https://doi.org/10.16925/2357-4607.2019.02.11

Lina María Villegas Trujillo Ver Biografía

Universidad del Valle

Judy Elena Villavicencio Flórez Ver Biografía

Universidad del Valle

Fanny Rios Ver Biografía

Universidad del Valle

Adolfo Contreras Rengifo Ver Biografía

Universidad del Valle

Background: The correlation between early childhood caries (ecc) and the consumption of sugar in foods and beverages in children has not yet been reported in Colombia.

Objective: To investigate ecc prevalence and consumption of sugar in foods at day-care pre-schoolers.

Design: A descriptive study was conducted with 124 children aged 3-4 years old attending three state funded childcare centres on weekdays and their feeding habits were recorded during 3 months and extrapolated to 1 year. The children ate an institutional determined menu at breakfast, lunch and two in between meals according to guidelines of the “Governmental Day Care Institution” that daily measure calories and classify food groups. After leaving the day-care premises and during the weekends, children feeding was a parenthood responsibility and by questionnaire, mother’s interview and programmed home visit, the dietary habits of children during the weekends was established. The International Caries Detection and Assessment System investigated ECC prevalence

Results: Estimated sugar consumption of children per year was 52.20 kg which is high above of who recommendation. Even though there is an increase of eating unhealthy food and beverage intake during weekends, the amount of sugar intake during weekdays was also high and both associates with increased dmft index. Night-time feeding bottle was also associated with ecc. Toothbrush for dental plaque control of those children was also unfair.

Conclusion: Excessive sugar intake and unfair toothbrush are important risk factor for ecc amongst Colombian young children. Colombia needs to develop and implement more strict nutritional policies to reduce children’s sugar consumption, and to improve efficient and regular dental plaque control at day-care institutions and at home, to reduce ecc prevalence.

Keywords: Caries Risk, Sugar Intake, Children, Early Childhood Caries

American Academy on Pediatric Dentistry; American Academy of Pediatrics. Policy on Early Childhood Caries (ECC): Classifications, Consequences, and Preventive Strategies. PediatrDent. 2008; 30(7 Suppl): 40-43. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/19216381/

Ministerio de Salud y Seguridad Social. IV Encuesta de salud oral Nacional (ENSAB IV): situación de la salud oral. 2014.

Brasılia M da S. Projeto SB Brasil 2010: Pesquisa Nacional de Saude Bucal–Resultados Principais (SB Brazil Project 2010: National Survey of Oral Health). 2011.

Bernabé E, Flaxman A, Naghavi M, Lopez A, Murray CJL. Global Burden of Oral Conditions in 1990-2010 : A Systematic Analysis. J Dent Res. 2013; 92(7): 592-597. https://doi.org/10.1177/0022034513490168

Tantawi M El, Folayan MO, Mehaina M, Vukovic A, Castillo JL, Gaffar BO, et al. Prevalence and Data Availability of Early Childhood Caries in 193 United Nations Countries , 2007 – 2017. Am J Public Heal. 2018; 108(8): 1066-1072. https://doi.org/10.2105/AJPH.2018.304466

Ramos-Sanes D, Martínez-Zapata LN, Chica-Corrales E, Ortiz-Camargo YP, Díaz-Garavito MV. Prevalencia de caries de los escolares de La Institución Educativa Rural filo de Damaquiel, municipio de San Juan de Urabá-Antioquia, 2014. Rev Nac Odontol. 2016; 12(23): 49-56. https://doi.org/10.16925/od.v12i23.1380

Philip N, Suneja B, Walsh LJ. Ecological Approaches to Dental Caries Prevention: Paradigm Shift or Shibboleth? Caries Res. 2018; 52(1–2): 153-165. https://doi.org/10.1159/000484985

Breda J, Keller A. The Importance of the World Health Organization Sugar Guidelines for Dental Health and Obesity Prevention. Caries Res. 2019; 53: 149-152. https://doi.org/10.1159/000491556

WHO, FDI, IADR CSA. The Beijing declaration: call to action to promote oral health by using fluoride in China and Southeast Asia; 2007. Available in: https://www.fdiworlddental.org/oral-health/fluoride/conferences

Gómez Osorno AM, Bernal Álvarez T, Posada López A, Agudelo Suárez AA. Caries dental, higiene bucal y necesidades de tratamiento en población de 3 a 5 años de una institución educativa de Medellín y sus factores relacionados. Rev Nac Odontol. 2015; 11(21): 23–35. https://doi.org/10.16925/od.v11i21.933

Çolak H, Dülgergil ÇT, Dalli M, Hamidi MM. Early Childhood Caries Update: A Review of Causes, Diagnoses, and Treatments. J Nat Sci Biol Med. 2013; 4(1): 29-38. https://doi.org/10.4103/0976-9668.107257

Moynihan P. Sugars and Dental Caries: Evidence for Setting a Recommended Threshold for Intake 1 – 3. Adv Nutr. 2016; 7(1): 149-156. DOI: 10.3945/an.115.009365

Van Loveren C. Sugar Restriction for Caries Prevention: Amount and Frequency. Which Is More Important? Caries Res. 2018;53:168–75. https://doi.org/10.1159/000489571

Sheiham A, James WPT. A New Understanding of the Relationship between Sugars, Dental Caries and Fluoride Use: implications for limits on sugars consumption. Public Health Nutr.2014; 17(10): 2176-2184. https://doi.org/10.1017/S136898001400113X

Bermudez OI, Cohen SA, Must A. Dietary Intake and Severe Early Childhood Caries in Low-Income, Young Children. J Acad Nutr Diet. 2013; 113(8): 1057-1061. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jand.2013.03.014

World Health Organization. Guideline: Sugars Intake for Adults and Children. 2015.

Villavicencio J, Arango MC, Ordonez A, Contreras A, Villegas LM. Early Childhood Caries, Salivary and Microbiological Aspects Among 3- to 4-year-old Children in Cali, Colombia. Eur Arch Paediatr Dent. 2018; 19(5):

-352. https://doi.org/10.1007/s40368-018-0365-5

Villavicencio J, Villegas LM, Arango MC, Arias S. Effects of a Food Enriched with Probiotics on Streptococcus mutans and Lactobacillus spp . Salivary Counts in Preschool Children: a Cluster Randomized Trial. J Appl oral Sci. 2018; 26(e20170318): 1-9. http://orcid.org/0000-0003-4390-589X

Pitts NB, Ekstrand K. International Caries Detection and Assessment System (ICDAS) and Its International Caries Classification and Management System (ICCMS) - Methods for Staging of the Caries Process and Enabling Dentists to Manage Caries. Community Dent Oral Epidemiol. 2013;41(1):e41–e52. https://doi.org/10.1111/cdoe.12025

Hashim R, Williams SM, Murray Thomson W. Diet and Caries Experience Among Preschool Children in Ajman, United Arab Emirates. Eur J Oral Sci. 2009; 117(6): 734-740. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1600-0722.2009.00688.x

Nelson MC, Lytle LA. Development and Evaluation of a Brief Screener to Estimate Fast Food and Beverage Consumption Among Adolescents. J Am Diet Assoc. 2019; 109(4): 730-734. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jada.2008.12.027

Schulte AG, Tsakos G. The Joint ORCA-EADPH Symposium on Sugar: The Oral Health Perspective–A Commentary. Caries Res. 2019; 145-148. https://doi.org/10.1159/000490951

Popkin BM, Armstrong LE, Bray GM, Caballero B, Frei B, Willett WC. A New Proposed Guidance System for Beverage Consumption in the United States. Am J Clin Nutr. 2006;83:529–542. https://doi.org/10.1093/ajcn.83.3.529

Stern D, Piernas C, Barquera S, Rivera JA, Popkin BM. Caloric Beverages Were Major Sources of Energy among Children and Adults in Mexico, 1999–2012. J Nutr. 2014; 144: 949-956. https://doi.org/10.3945/jn.114.190652

Instituto Colombiano de Bienestar Familiar. República de Colombia Departamento para la Prosperidad Social (DPS). Nutrición. 2018.: https://www.icbf.gov.co/bienestar/nutricion

Moynihan P, Makino Y, Petersen PE, Ogawa H. Implications of WHO Guideline on Sugars for dental health professionals. Community Dent Oral Epidemiol. 2018; 46(1): 1-7. https://doi.org/10.1111/cdoe.12353

Bailey RL, Fulgoni VL, Cowan AE, Gaine PC. Sources of Added Sugars in Young Children, Adolescents, and Adults with Low and High Intakes of Added Sugars. Nutrients. 2018; 10(102): 1-11. https://doi.org/10.3390/nu10010102

Olczak-Kowalczyk D, Turska A, Gozdowski D, Kaczmarek U. Dental Caries Level and Sugar Consumption in 12-Year-Old Children from Poland. Adv Clin Exp Med. 2016; 25(3): 545-550. https://doi.org/10.17219/acem/61615

Marshall TA, Levy SM, Broffitt B, Warren JJ, Eichenberger-Gilmore JM, Burns TL, et al. Dental Caries and Beverage Consumption in Young Children. Pediatrics. 2003; 112(3): e184-91. https://doi.org/10.1542/peds.112.3.e184

Schneider S, Jerusalem M, Mente J, De Bock F. Sweets Consumption of Preschool Children—Extent, Context, and Consumption Patterns. Clin Oral Investig. 2013 Jun 7; 17(5): 1301-1309. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00784-012-0813-2

Hoffmann D, Marx J, Burmeister J, Musher-Eizenman D. Friday Night Is Pizza Night: A Comparison of Children’s Dietary Intake and Maternal Perceptions and Feeding Goals on Weekdays and Weekends. Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2018 Apr 11; 15(4): 720. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph15040720

Essman M, Popkin BM, Corval C, Reyes M, Taillie LS. Sugar-Sweetened Beverage Intake among Chilean Preschoolers and Adolescents in 2016: A Cross-Sectional Analysis. Nutrients. 2018; 10(1767): 1-15. https://doi.org/10.3390/nu10111767

Plutzer K, Spencer AJ, Keirse MJNC. Reassessment at 6–7 Years of Age of a Randomized Controlled Trial Initiated Before Birth to Prevent Early Childhood Caries. Community Dent Oral Epidemiol. 2012; 40(6): 116-124. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1600-0528.2011.00643.x

Mohebbi SZ, Virtanen JI, Vehkalahti MM. A Community-Randomized Controlled Trial Against Sugary Snacking Among Infants And Toddlers. Community Dent Oral Epidemiol. 2012 Feb; 40(Suppl. 1): 43-48. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1600-0528.2011.00665.x

Heyman MB, Abrams SA. Fruit Juice in Infants, Children, and Adolescents: Current Recommendations. Pediatrics. 2017; 139(6): e20170967. https://doi.org/10.1542/peds.2017-0967

Bolling C, Crosby L, Boles R, Stark L. How Pediatricians Can Improve Diet and Activity for Overweight Preschoolers: A Qualitative Study of Parental Attitudes. Acad Pediatr. 2009; 9(3): 172-178. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.acap.2009.01.010

Naidoo S, Myburgh N. Nutrition, oral Health and the Young Child. Matern Child Nutr. 2007; 3(4): 312-321. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1740-8709.2007.00115.x

García JM, Narváez PC, Heredia FJ, Orjuela Á, Osorio C. Physicochemical and sensory (aroma and colour) characterisation of a non-centrifugal cane sugar (“panela”) beverage. . Food Chem. 2017; 228: 7-13. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foodchem.2017.01.134

Jaffé WR. Nutritional and Functional Components of Non Centrifugal Cane Sugar: A Compilation of the Data from the Analytical Literature. J Food Compos Anal. 2015;43:194-202. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jfca.2015.06.007

Avila WM, Pordeus IA, Paiva SM, Martins CC. Breast and Bottle Feeding as Risk Factors for Dental Caries: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Clifford T, editor. PLoS One. 2015 Nov 18; 10(11): e0142922. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0142922

Ruottinen S, Karjalainen S, Pienihäkkinen K, Lagström H, Niinikoski H, Salminen M, et al. Sucrose Intake since Infancy and Dental Health in 10-Year-Old Children. Caries Res. 2004; 38(2): 142-148. https://doi.org/10.1159/000075938

Chen KJ, Gao SS. Managing Early Childhood Caries for Young Children in China. Healthcare. 2018 Jan 30; 6(1): 11. https://doi.org/10.3390/healthcare6010011

Sun X, Bernabé E, Liu X, Gallagher JE, Zheng S. Early Life Factors and Dental Caries in 5-Year-Old Children in China. J Dent. 2017; 64: 73-79. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jdent.2017.06.007

Ospina D, Herrera Y, Betancur J, Agudelo HB, Posada-López A. Higiene bucal en la población de San Francisco Antioquia y sus factores relacionados. Rev Nac Odontol. 2016 Jan 15; 12(22): 23-30. https://doi.org/10.16925/od.v12i22.1203

Martignon S, Usuga-Vacca M, Cortés F, et al. Risk factors for early childhood caries experience expressed by ICDAS criteria in Anapoima, Colombia: a cross-sectional study. Acta Odontol Latinoam. 2018;31(1):58-66.

Sugar intake and early childhood caries in Cali, Colombia. (2019). Revista Nacional De Odontología, 15(29), 1-15. https://doi.org/10.16925/2357-4607.2019.02.11

Download Citation

Every single author of the articles has to declare that is an original unpublished work exclusively created by them, that it has not been submitted for simultaneous evaluation by another publication and that there is no impediment of any kind for concession of the rights provided for in the contract.

In this sense, the authors committed to await the result of the evaluation by the journal Revista Nacional de Odontologia before considering its submission to another medium; in case the response by that publication is positive, additionally, the authors committed to respond for any action involving claims, plagiarism or any other kind of claim that could be made by third parties.

At the same time, the authors have to declare that they are completely in agreement with the conditions presented in their work and that they cede all patrimonial rights. These rights involve reproduction, public communication, distribution, dissemination, transformation, making it available and all forms of exploitation of the work using any medium or procedure, during the term of the legal protection of the work and in every country in the world, to the Universidad Cooperativa de Colombia Press.

Most read articles by the same author(s)

Andres Limas Martínez, Adolfo Contreras Rengifo, Paola Andrea Escobar Villegas, Sandra Amaya Sánchez, Daniel Felipe Vásquez Giraldo , Antimicrobial efficacy of 5.25% sodium hypochlorite, 0.12% chlorhexidine, and two commercial irrigation solutions (Qmix® and MTAD®) , Revista Nacional de Odontología: Vol. 17 No. 2 (2021)

Issue

Vol. 15 No. 29 (2019)

Published

2019-12-29

Downloads

PDF (Spanish)

Metrics

Metrics Loading ...

https://plu.mx/plum/a/?doi=10.16925/2357-4607.2019.02.11