• Artículos de investigación

    Heredabilidad de los componentes de las medidas cefalométricas ODI, APDI y del Triángulo de McNamara en pacientes con maloclusión esquelética clase II y clase III, que asisten a la clínica odontológica de la Universidad Cooperativa de Colombia

    Vol. 17 Núm. 2 (2021)
    Publicado: 2021-07-12
    Lizeth Alexandra Enriquez Jamauca
    Universidad Cooperativa de Colombia
    Ángela Cordoba Pantoja
    Universidad Cooperativa de Colombia
    Érika Argotte Arciniegas
    Colegio Odontológico
    Luís Fernando Calderón Moncayo
    Colegio Odontológico
    Alexander López Ordoñez
    Universidad del Valle
    Cristian Fong
    Universidad Cooperativa de Colombia

    La maloclusión es una entidad patológica asociada con anomalías en crecimiento y desarrollo craneofacial en donde intervienen factores genéticos y ambientales. El papel de la heredabilidad ha sido ampliamente investigado en estudios craneométricos y cefalométricos de similitudes faciales, donde se ha evidenciado que la forma facial, es resultado del genotipo del individuo, por consiguiente, la apariencia facial presenta una tendencia hereditaria familiar.

    Objetivo: Determinar la heredabilidad de los componentes de las medidas cefalométricas compuestas: ODI y APDI y del Triángulo de McNamara en pacientes con maloclusión esquelética clase II y clase III, que asisten a la clínica de Ortodoncia de la UCC- Campus Pasto.

    Metodología: Enfoque cuantitativo, Observacional, descriptivo de corte transversal, que utiliza una muestra total de 60 pares de hermanos. El porcentaje de heredabilidad fue calculado mediante la prueba de regresión lineal Haseman Elston, donde un valor mayor a 80% se considera altamente heredable y valores de  P<0.05 se consideraron significativos.

    Resultados: Los componentes que presentaron mayor heredabilidad fueron; la medida cefalométrica compartida entre los componentes de ODI y APDI, el ángulo  Plano de Frankfort-Plano Palatino, con el 100% y la medida lineal  Condilion-Gnation con un 98%.

    Conclusiones: El tamaño mandibular está influenciado por factores altamente heredables, pero la posición mandibular, representada por Plano facial - Plano de Frankfort y ENA-Me presentan una baja heredabilidad, es decir altamente adaptables. Las medidas cefalométricas como Plano facial-Plano AB y Plano Mandibular -Plano AB, son el resultado de una relación entre el maxilar y la mandíbula, presentando una baja heredabilidad, lo que sugiere que están influenciadas por factores externos inherentes a cada sujeto.

    Palabras clave: heredabilidad, heredabilidad en sentido estricto, Odi, Apdi, triángulo De Mcnamara

    Cómo citar

    Heredabilidad de los componentes de las medidas cefalométricas ODI, APDI y del Triángulo de McNamara en pacientes con maloclusión esquelética clase II y clase III, que asisten a la clínica odontológica de la Universidad Cooperativa de Colombia. (2021). Revista Nacional De Odontología, 17(2), 1-21. https://doi.org/10.16925/2357-4607.2021.02.03

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