The viability of cooperative societies from the anarchist- cybernetics perspective: a systematic review of the field and research opportunities

Camilo Osejo Bucheli

doi:10.16925/2357-6014.2023.03.04

La viabilidad de las sociedades cooperativas desde la perspectiva anarquista-cibernética : una revisión sistemática del campo y las oportunidades de investigación

Artículos de investigación

https://doi.org/10.16925/2357-6014.2023.03.04

Camilo Osejo Bucheli Ver Biografía

Universidad de Nariño

Introducción: este artículo hace parte de una investigación en curso que estudia la viabilidad de las cooperativas desde la cibernética y su identidad política.

Problema: la cibernética de gestión y el anarquismo son campos con coincidencias significativas en cuanto a la teoría organizacional. Desde el anarquismo, la organización voluntaria propende por la libertad individual, mientras que, en cibernética, la autonomía es la forma de lograrla.

Objetivo: identificar el estado académico actual en el campo de la cibernética- anarquista, específicamente, entorno a los conceptos de “autogestión” y “autocontrol”.

Metodología: revisión sistemática de la literatura, de los últimos 10 años usando 9 bases de datos académicas.

Resultados: el campo ha investigado sobre grupos políticos radicales, pero carece de investigación en organización espontánea y en organizaciones voluntarias como cooperativas. predominan los métodos cualitativos para la investigación empírica, y la investigación no empírica es relevante. Las economías latinoamericanas y en desarrollo son interesantes para el desarrollo futuro. Los estudios de caso y el método histórico son relevantes para lo estudiado en anarquía y el VSM de Beer es el más utilizado para la cibernética.

Conclusión: El campo es de gran interés para varias revistas académicas.

Originalidad: esta es la primera investigación en el lado organizativo del anarquismo y la cibernética de gestión. La cibernética anarquista es un tema novedoso después de casi 60 años de no tener ninguna publicación académica.

Limitaciones: no hay muchas publicaciones que se ajusten a los requisitos para la revisión de la literatura.

Palabras clave: autogestión, autocontrol, anarquismo, cibernética

A. Fiala, “Anarchism,” 21 03 2021. [Online]. Available: https://plato.stanford.edu/archives/win2021/entries/anarchism/.

S. Beer, Brain of the firm, Devon: Wiley, pp. 73-151, 1972.

W. G. Walter, “The Development and Significance of Cybernetics,” Anarchy 25 march , pp. 75-89, 1963.

J. B. McEwan, “Anarchism and the Cybernetics of Self- Organising Systems,” Anarchy. 31, September, pp. 270-83, 1963.

S. Beer, Think before you think: social complexity and knowledge of knowing, Wavestone Press. , pp. 7-32, 2009.

T. Swann, Towards an anarchist cybernetics: Stafford Beer, self-organisation and radical social movements. pp. 427-456, 2018.

[Online]. Available:https://ephemerajournal.org/contribution/towards-anarchist-cybernetics-stafford-beer-self-organisation-and-radical-social

W. Ashby, Introduction to Cybernetics, New York, NY.: Wiley, pp. 244-259, 1956.

W. Ashby, “Requisite variety and its implications for the control of complex systems,”Cybernetica, vol. 1, no. 2, pp. 83-99, 1958. doi: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4899-0718-9_28

W. Ashby, “Variety, Constraint, and the Law of Requisite Variety,” in Modern system research for the behavioral scienctist, Chicago, Aldine Publishing Co., pp. 190-207, 1968. [Online]. Available:

https://www.proquest.com/openview/34512d5e51782023fac55bb07c8b77fc/1?pq-origsite=gscholar&cbl=28203

W. Ashby, “Requisite variety and its implications for the control of complex systems,”in Facets of systems science, Boston, MA., Springer, pp. 405-417, 1991. doi: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4899-0718-9_28

S. Beer, The viable system model, Chicester: Wiley, pp. 1-19, 1989.

S. Beer, ““What is cybernetics?”,” Kybernetes, vol.31, no. 2, pp. 209-219, 2002. doi: https://doi.org/10.1108/03684920210417283

C. Mele, J. Pels, F. Polese, “A Brief Review of Systems Theories and Their Managerial Aapplications,” Service Science, vol. 2, no. 1/2, pp. 126-135, 2010. doi: https://doi.org/10.1287/serv.2.1_2.126

G. Woodcock, Anarchism, Harmondsworth: Penguin Books, p. 23, 1986.

P.J. Proudhon, What is property? An inquiry into the principle of right and of government., London: William Reeves Bellamy, pp. 64-72, 1969 [1876].

P. Proudhon, The Principle of Federation and the Need to Reconstitute the Party of Revolution. Trans: Richard Vernon., Toronto: University of Toronto Press, pp. 78-82, 1979[1863].

M. A. Bakunin, Bakunin: Statism and Anarchy, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, p. 18, 1990.

E. Goldman, Anarchism: and other essays, Courier Corporation, pp. 16-53, 1969 [1910].

N. Wiener, Cybernetics or Control and Communication in the Animal and the Machine, Boston: MIT press, p. 46, 2019.

R. Espejo, “The viable system model revisited,” in Viable System Model: Interpretations and Applications of Stafford Beer’s VSM, Chichester.: Wiley, pp. 77-100, 1989.

M. Vieta, “The stream of self-determination and autogestión,” Ephemeram, vol. 14, no. 4, pp. 781-810, 2021. [Online]. Available: https://www.academia.edu/download/35898454/Marcelo_Vieta_-_The_Stream_of_Self-Determinatin_and_Autgestion_-_14-4vieta.pdf

H. Arvon, La autogestión, Buenos Aires: Fondo de Cultura Económica/Edición, p. 14, 1980.

G. Wyczykier, De la dependencia a la autogestión laboral: Sobre la reconstrucción deexpériencias colectivas de trabajo en la Argentina contemporánea., Buenos Aires: Universidad Nacional de General Sarmiento-Promoteo Libros, p. 27-56, 2009.

P. Rosanvallon, La autogestión, Madrid: Editorial Fundamentos, p.14-56, 1979.

C. Taibo, Repensar la anarquía: acción directa, autogestión y autonomía, Los Libros de la Catarata, pp. 178-180, 2020.

A. Whitehead, Process and reality, an essay in cosmology, New York: The Free Press, pp. 18-39, 1929.

A. Whitehead, Adventures of ideas (No. 2)., Simon and Schuster, pp.125,133, 1967.

P. Olsen, “The relevance and applicability of process metaphysics to organizational research,” Philosophy of Management, vol. 10, no.2, pp. 53-74, 2011. https://doi.org/10.5840/pom20111025

R. Espejo, “Seeing a case study through a cybernetic epistemological lens,” Kybernetes vol. 40, no.9/10, pp. 1273-1296, 2011. doi: https://doi.org/10.1108/03684921111169387

E. Malatesta, L´Anarchia: il nostro programma, liberliber.it, , p.10-11 [1891]1907.

L. Montaño Hirose, “Encrucijadas y desafíos de los estudios organizacionales Una reflexión desde las perspectivas institucionales.,” Innovar, vol. 30, no. 78, pp. 19-34, 2020. [Online]. Available: https://www.jstor.org/stable/26939712

K. Plys, “Worker self-management in the Third World, 1952–1979,” International Journal of Comparative Sociology., p. 1–27, 2016. doi: https://doi.org/10.1177/0020715215627190

S. Lowe and M. Rod, “Business network becoming: Figurations of time, change and process,” Industrial Marketing Management., pp. 156-164, 2018. doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.indmarman.2017.10.012

S. Kim, “On the optimal social contract: Agency costs of self-government,” Journal of Comparative Economics, pp. 982-1001, 2016. doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jce.2016.01.002

T. Štrukelj, D. Zlatanovic, J. Nikolic and S. Zabukovšek, “The viable system model’s support to social responsibility,” Kybernetes, vol.50 no.3, pp. 812-835, 2021. doi: https://doi.org/10.1108/K-12-2019-0860

J. Balk and R. Breitenbach, “What are the main problems in the management of rural cooperatives in southerm Brazil?,” Land Use Policy, pp. 121-129, 2018. doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.landusepol.2019.03.047

A. Bielecki and S. Nieszporska, “Analysis of healthcare systems by using systemic approach.,”Complexity, 1-12, 2019. doi: https://doi.org/10.1155/2019/6807140

M. A. Peters and T. Besley, “Critical philosophy of the postdigital,” Postdigital Science and Education, vol. 1, pp. 29-42, 2019.

J. Goldstein, “Heinz von Foerster and the second-order cybernetics,” Emergence: Complexity and Organization, vol. 19, no. 2, pp. 1D-1D, 2017.

C. E. Maldonado and N. Mezza-Garcia, “Anarchy and complexity,” SSRN, vol. 18, no. 1, pp. 52-73, 2016.

L. Van der Walt, “Global Anarchism and Syndicalism: theory, history, resistance,” Anarchist Studies, vol. 24, no. 1, p. 85, 2016. [Online]. Available: https://link.gale.com/apps/doc/A452289618/AONE?u=googlescholar&sid=bookmark-AONE&xid=677daae9

R. Bower, “Who decides and who provides? The anarchistic housing practices of John Turner as realizations of Henri Lefebvre’s Autogestive space,” Alternatives, vol. 41, no. 2, pp. 83-97, 2016. doi: https://doi.org/10.1177/0304375416684856

A. Ince, “From middle ground to common ground: Self-management and spaces of encounter in organic farming networkS,” Annals of the Association of American Geographers, vol. 105, no. 4, pp. 824-840, 2015. doi: https://doi.org/10.1080/00045608.2015.1039110

J. L. Hammond, “The anarchism of occupy Wall Street,” Science & Society, vol. 79, no. 2, pp.288-313, 2015. doi: https://doi.org/10.1521/siso.2015.79.2.288

F. Aime, S. Humphrey, D. S. DeRue and J. B. Paul, “The riddle of heterarchy: Power transitions in cross-functional teams,” Academy of Management Journal, vol. 57, no. 2, pp. 327-352, 2014. doi: https://doi.org/10.5465/amj.2011.0756

C. Piñeiro Harnecker, “Cuba’s new socialism: different visions shaping current changes,” Latin American Perspectives, vol. 40, no. 3, pp. 107-125, 2013. doi: https://doi.org/10.1177/0094582X13476006

J. Asimakopoulos, “The Ragged Edge of Anarchy: Direct Democracy,” Theory in Action, vol. 13, no. 1, pp. 161-188, 2020.

M. Lundström, “Toward Anarchy: A Historical Sketch of the Anarchism-Democracy Divide,” Theory in Action, vol. 13, no. 1, p.80-114, 2020. doi: https://doi.org/10.3798/tia.1937-0237.2004

T. Štrukelj, D. Zlatanović, J. Nikolić and S. S. Zabukovšek, “The viable system model’s support to social responsibility,” Kybernetes, vol. 50, no. 3, pp. 812-835, 2021. doi: https://doi.org/10.1002/sres.1102

C. Yap, “Self-organisation in urban community gardens: autogestion, motivations, and the role of communication,” Sustainability, vol. 11, no. 9, p. 2659, 2019. doi: https://doi.org/10.3390/su11092659

R. Graham, “(Mis) conceptions of Anarchism,” Anarchist Studies, vol. 26, no. 2, pp. 32-55, 2018. [Online]. Available: link.gale.com/apps/doc/A625576750/AONE?u=anon~3822889a&sid=googleScholar&xid=3582ca4a.

B. M. Wilkowski and E. L. Ferguson, “The steps that can take us miles: Examining the short-term dynamics of long-term daily goal pursuit,” Journal of Experimental Psychology: General, vol. 145, no. 4, p. 516, 2016. doi: https://doi.org/10.1037/xge0000150

F. Ferretti, “Organisation and formal activism: insights from the anarchist tradition,” International Journal of Sociology and Social Policy, vol. 36, no. 11/12, pp. 726-740, 2016. doi: https://doi.org/10.1108/IJSSP-11-2015-0127

J. Duda, “Cybernetics, Anarchism and Self-organisation,” Anarchist studies, vol. 21, no. 1, pp.53-72, 2013. [Online]. Available: https://www.lwbooks.co.uk/sites/default/files/as21.1_03duda.pdf

M. Yolles and G. Fink, “Personality, pathology and mindsets: part 1 – agency, personality and mindscapes,” kybernetes, vol. 43, no. 1, pp. 92-112, 2014. doi: https://doi.org/10.1108/K-01-2013-0011

C. Wang and A. Mukhopadhyay, “The Dynamics of Goal Revision: A Cybernetic Multiperiod Test-Operate-Test-Adjust-Loop (TOTAL) Model of Self-Regulation,” Journal of Consumer Research,, vol. 38, no. 5, pp. 815-832, 2012. doi: https://doi.org/10.1086/660853

V. Petrov, “Dynamic ontology as an ontological framework of anticipatory systems,” Foresight, vol. 12, no. 3, pp. 38-49, 2010. doi: https://doi.org/10.1108/14636681011049866

F. Dupuis-Déri, “Anarchism and the politics of affinity,” Anarchist Studies, vol. 18, no. 1, pp. 40-61, 2010. [Online]. Available: link.gale.com/apps/doc/A237066793/AONE?u=anon~44e563bd&sid=googleScholar&xid=e8050cc7

C. A. Rodrigues, “Cybernetic-scanning management: Utilizing people’s and organizations’ energies to attain greater efficiency,” Kybernetes, vol. 36, no. 1, pp. 17-31, 2007. doi: https://doi.org/10.1108/03684920710741116

A. Espinosa, R. Harnden and J. Walker, “Beyond hierarchy: a complexity management perspective,” Kybernetes, vol. 36, no. 3/4, pp. 333-347, 2007. doi: https://doi.org/10.1108/03684920710746995

D. Berry, “Rejecting ‘all the faces of subjugation’: Daniel Guérin on direct democracy, self-management and individual autonomy,” Journal of Political Ideologies, vol. 24, no. 3, pp. 314-336, 2019. doi: https://doi.org/10.1080/13569317.2019.1633102

Wigger, A., “From dissent to resistance: Locating patterns of horizontalist self-management crisis responses in Spain,” Comparative European Politics volume, vol. 16, p. 32–49, 2018. doi: https://doi.org/10.1057/s41295-016-0076-4

S. Moeller, W. Troop-Gordon and M. Robinson, “When the Going Gets Tough, the Differentiated Keep Going: Cybernetic Self-Determination, Daily Obstacles, and Persistent Goal Pursuit,” The Journal of Psychology, vol. 149, no. 5, pp. 427-442, 2015. doi: https://doi.org/10.1080/00223980.2013.837022

M. Inzlicht, L. Legault and R. Teper, “Exploring the mechanisms of self-control improvement,” Current Directions in Psychological Science, vol. 23, no. 4, pp. 302-307, 2014. doi: https://doi.org/10.1177/0963721414534256

D. R. Lalande and R. Ladouceur, “Can cybernetics inspire gambling research? A limit-based conceptualization of self-control,” International Gambling Studies, vol. 11, no. 2, pp. 237-252, 2011. doi: https://doi.org/10.1080/14459795.2011.598540

R. Espelt, “Agroecology prosumption: The role of CSA networks,” Journal of Rural Studies, vol. 79, pp. 269-275, 2020. doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jrurstud.2020.08.032

S. Girbés-Peco, M. J. Foraster, L. C. Mara and T. Morlà-Folch, “The role of the democratic organization in the La borda housing cooperative in Spain,” Habitat International, vol. 102, pp.1-8, 2020. doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.habitatint.2020.102208

A. Fishwick and B. Selwyn, “Labour-centred development in Latin America: Two cases of alternative development,” Geoforum, vol. 74, pp. 233-243, 2016. doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.geoforum.2016.06.013

W. O’Grady, S. Morlidge and P. Rouse, “Evaluating the completeness and effectiveness of management control systems with cybernetic tools,” Management Accounting Research, vol. 33, pp. 1-15, 2016. doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.mar.2016.02.003

M. Cäker and S. Siverbo, “Strategic alignment in decentralized organizations–The case of Svenska Handelsbanken,” Scandinavian Journal of Management, vol. 30, no. 2, pp. 149-162, 2014. doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scaman.2013.10.005

A. S. Pires, “Is Self-Management Possible? A Study on the Recovered Factories in Brazil,” Annals of Public and Cooperative Economics, vol. 89, no. 2, pp. 339-360, 2018. doi: https://doi.org/10.1111/apce.12182

M. Schwaninger, “Intelligent organizations: an integrative framework.,” Systems Research and Behavioral Science: The Official Journal of the International Federation for Systems Research, vol. 18, no. 2, pp. 137-158, 2001. doi: https://doi.org/10.1002/sres.408

A. Azadeh, K. Darivandi and E. Fathi, “Diagnosing, simulating and improving business process using cybernetic laws and the viable system model: the case of a purchasing process,” Systems research and behavioral science, vol. 29, no. 1, pp. 66-86, 2012. doi: https://doi.org/10.1002/sres.1102

M. Schwaninger, “Model-based Management: A cybernetic concept,” Systems Research and Behavioral Science, vol. 32, no. 6, pp. 564-578, 2015. doi: https://doi.org/10.1002/sres.2286

A. Ovejero, “Spanish libertarian collectives: A unique historical case of worker self management,” WorkingUSA, vol. 13, no. 4, pp. 521-536, 2010. doi: https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1743-4580.2010.00309.x

J. E. Chamorro Fuertes, O. A. Vivas Albán, “Microdevices: Tools For Medical Applications,” Revista Ingeniería Solidaria, vol. 18, no. 3, 2022, pp. 1-24. doi: https://doi.org/10.16925/2357-6014.2022.03.11

J.C. Najar Pacheco, J.A. Bohada Jaime, H.C.I. Alemán Novoa, “Vulnerability ofinformation, on the Internet of Things,” Revista Ingeniería Solidaria, vol. 18, no. 3, pp. 1-17, 2022. doi: https://doi.org/10.16925/2357-6014.2022.03.07

C.V. Niño Rondón, S.A. Castro Casadiego, Y. Restrepo Chaustre, “Machine Learning Models In People Detection And Identification: A Literature Review,” Revista Ingeniería Solidaria, vol. 18, no. 3, pp.1-23, 2022. doi: https://doi.org/10.16925/2357-6014.2022.03.05

J.Walker, The Viable Systems Model-a guide for co-operatives and federations. [Online]. Available: http://www. greybox. uklinux. net/vsmg_2, 1991, vol. 2.J.

D. L. Morales Rodríguez, J. A. Caro Silva, and L. E. Contreras Bravo, “A review on the prediction of students’ academic performance using ensemble methods”, Revista Ingeniería Solidaria, vol. 18, no. 2, pp. 1–28, May 2022.

J. ROJAS And L. C. LEGUIZAMÓN BARRETO, “A review of the relation between climate variability and mass removal processes: Tunja-Páez case study”, Revista Ingeniería Solidaria, vol. 18, no. 1, pp. 1–40, Jan. 2021.

D. Denyer, and D. Tranfield, “Producing a systematic review”, The SAGE Handbook of Organizational Research Methods, Sage Publications, London, pp. 671-689, 2009.

L. L. Hurtado-Cortés, J. A. Forero-Casallas, V. E. Ruiz-Rosas, “Artificial vision applied to manufacturing process”, Vis. Electron., vol. 15, no. 1, pp. 113–122, 2021. https://doi.org/10.14483/22484728.17432

[1]

C. Osejo Bucheli, “La viabilidad de las sociedades cooperativas desde la perspectiva anarquista-cibernética: una revisión sistemática del campo y las oportunidades de investigación”, ing. Solidar, vol. 19, no. 3, pp. 1–33, Sep. 2023, doi: 10.16925/2357-6014.2023.03.04.

Descargar cita

Derechos de autor 2023 Ingeniería Solidaria

Esta obra está bajo una licencia internacional Creative Commons Atribución 4.0.

Compromiso ético y cesión de derechos

El autor debe declarar que su trabajo es original e inédito y que no se ha postulado a evaluación simultánea para su publicación por otro medio. Además, debe asegurar que no tiene impedimentos de ninguna naturaleza para la concesión de los derechos previstos en el contrato.

El autor se compromete a esperar el resultado de evaluación de la revista Ingeniería Solidaria, antes de considerar su presentación a otro medio; en caso de que la respuesta de publicación sea positiva, adicionalmente, se compromete a responder por cualquier acción de reivindicación, plagio u otra clase de reclamación que al respecto pudiera sobrevenir por parte de terceros.

Asimismo, debe declarar que, como autor o coautor, está de acuerdo por completo con los contenidos presentados en el trabajo y ceder todos los derechos patrimoniales, es decir, su reproducción, comunicación pública, distribución, divulgación, transformación, puesta a disposición y demás formas de utilización de la obra por cualquier medio o procedimiento, por el término de su protección legal y en todos los países del mundo, al Fondo Editorial de la Universidad Cooperativa de Colombia, de manera gratuita y sin contraprestación presente o futura.

Número

Vol. 19 Núm. 3 (2023)

Publicado

2023-09-15

Descargas

PDF

Cómo citar

[1]

Descargar cita

Métricas

File downloads

156

https://plu.mx/plum/a/?doi=10.16925/2357-6014.2023.03.04