Towards a hybrid classical–quantum software architecture derived from literature harmonization
Introduction: This article is the result of doctoral research conducted in 2025 on quantum software architecture, addressing the transformative potential of quantum computing and the challenges associated with integrating quantum capabilities into software systems.
Problem: The lack of standardized architectural models for hybrid classical–quantum systems limits interoperability, reuse, and systematic software design.
Objective: This study proposes a reference architecture to support the design and evolution of hybrid classical–quantum software systems.
Methodology: The architecture was derived through a harmonization process.
Results: The proposed framework defines ten architectural elements organized across three dimensions: Conceptual, Organizational, and Quality.
Conclusion: The architecture provides a structured foundation for designing hybrid classical–quantum solutions.
Originality: The work consolidates dispersed knowledge into a unified framework for hybrid classical–quantum systems.
Limitations: The model is based on the currently limited body of literature and industrial experience, requiring future validation.
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