Condições estomatológicas em pacientes com câncer durante e após à terapia antineoplásica : revisão narrativa da literatura
Universidad Metropolitana de Barranquilla
Magister.
email: malereco18@gmail.com
Universidad Metropolitana de Barranquilla
Odontóloga.
email: malereco18@gmail.com
Universidad Metropolitana de Barranquilla
Odontólogo.
email: malereco18@gmail.com
Introdução: as consequências das terapias antineoplásicas trazem consigo implicações bucais e piora de outras lesões já pré-estabelecidas ao diagnóstico oncológico, indistintamente do órgão afetado pelo tumor. Complicações, tais como mucosites orais, candidíases orais, trismo, xerostomia, cáries, entre outras lesões, costumam acontecer com frequência e podem ser transitórias no curso da aplicação de terapias para o câncer, como quimioterapia e radioterapia; outras prevalecem após a finalização dessas terapias.
Métodos: realizou-se uma revisão narrativa da literatura que mostrou a unificação de critérios que envolvem a descrição dos padrões clínicos de cada uma das complicações orais causadas pelo tratamento oncológico, em relação a cânceres de diferentes localizações. Foi feita uma pesquisa bibliográfica nos idiomas inglês e espanhol usando os seguintes descritores: “lesiones, boca, cáncer, quimioterapia, radioterapia, complicaciones orales, antes y después, lesions, mouth cancer, chemotherapy, radiotherapy, oral complications, after y before” nas bases de dados globais Pubmed e Scielo. Foram selecionados 100 artigos publicados em um período de 15 anos.
Resultados: a maioria dos autores consultados coincidem em afirmar que uma ampla gama de tumores malignos tende a mostrar afetação secundária em lugares como a cavidade oral, em sua maioria pelo tratamento oncológico instaurado, sem distinção de tipo tumoral e sua localização.
Conclusões: a cavidade bucal continua sendo suscetível à presença desses efeitos, os quais são identificados como eventos citotóxicos sistêmicos em tecidos de renovação rápida, como é o da mucosa bucal.
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