Presence of oral habits in patients with malocclusions of 4 to 14 years, Cali, Colombia
Introduction: The presence of oral habits influences the development of malocclusions according on its frequency, duration, and intensity; especially during the growth and development stage. In this context, our objective with this study was to describe the presence of non-physiological oral habits and to evaluate its relationship with the different types of malocclusion.
Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted in 77 children between 4 and 14 years old, from 2018 to 2019. A univariate analysis was performed through frequency tables and a bivariate analysis to assess the independence of the variables by applying the Pearson's Chi2 test.
Results: The distribution according to the type of dentition was temporary 20.8%, mixed 71.4% and permanent 7.8%. The presence of habits predominated in women. Tongue thrusting was the habit the most frequent habit for patients with the three types of malocclusion; Followed by night grinding for patients with class I malocclusion; onychophagia in class II/1 and III patients. Those with a deep bite presented night grinding in 16% and those with an anterior open bite tongue thrusting in 54.4%.
Conclusions: A higher frequency of non-physiological oral habits was found in patients with mixed dentition. There was no statistical relationship between oral habits and the presence of malocclusion.
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