• Artículos de revisión

    Comportamiento de la posición del cóndilo mandibular con el aumento de la dimensión vertical oclusal en pacientes tratados con ortodoncia

    Vol. 18 Núm. 1 (2022)
    Publicado: 2022-05-05
    Carlos Augusto Ojeda Muñoz
    Universidad Cooperativa de Colombia
    Marcelo Alejandro Unigarro Marcillo
    Universidad Cooperativa de Colombia
    Felipe Rosero Ruíz
    Universidad Cooperativa de Colombia
    Andrés Salas Zambrano
    Universidad Cooperativa de Colombia

    Asociando el procedimiento de alteración en dimensión vertical oclusal (DVO), a problemas de dolor muscular, síntomas de trastornos temporomandibulares, dolor de cabeza y bruxismo, se evalúa el comportamiento de la articulación temporomandibular (ATM), con aumento de la DVO en pacientes con ortodoncia: efectuando un Scoping Review, con bases de datos Medline (Pubmed), Scopus, Science Direct y BVS; Términos de búsqueda: “Temporomandibular Joint", "Vertical Dimension", "Dental Occlusion" y "Orthodontics". los artículos seleccionados, publicaciones adicionales y búsqueda manual; fueron 3667 artículos, 41 preseleccionados, y 9 analizados. Se busco evidencia científica en cambios de posición condilar, uso técnicas de levante, y respuesta a la pregunta sobre comportamiento de la ATM con el aumento de DVO. La ayuda diagnostica más utilizada para evaluación de posición condilar fue la tomografía computarizada de haz cónico.  La literatura encontrada no reporto cambios estadísticamente significativos de posición condilar en sentido anteroposterior y vertical, ni en relación y oclusión céntrica, ni en volumen condilar. Dos reportes de casos registraron cambios estadísticamente significativos en la posición condilar en el espacio articular, Efectos del aumento DVO sobre la ATM, se basaron principalmente en reportes de caso y estudios de observación descriptiva, superando ensayos clínicos controlados. No se reportó evidencia suficiente sobre efectos del aumento de la DVO en la ATM con una débil evidencia disponible, indicando rápida capacidad en adaptación de ATM a cambios moderados en DVO. No se indicaron cambios en ATM y posición condilar por alteración permanente de DVO.

    Palabras clave: dimensión vertical oclusal, articulación temporomandibular, oclusión dental, ortodoncia, cóndilo mandibular

    Cómo citar

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