Problemas y perspectivas de la digitalización y el uso de la inteligencia artificial en medicina
Este artículo examina las principales tendencias, retos y perspectivas de la transformación digital y la implementación de la inteligencia artificial (IA) en el campo de la medicina. Con la llegada de la cuarta revolución industrial y la transición a una economía posindustrial, las tecnologías digitales y la IA han penetrado significativamente en la atención sanitaria, cambiando el panorama del diagnóstico, el tratamiento y las funciones administrativas. El estudio explora los beneficios de la IA, incluyendo el tratamiento personalizado, el diagnóstico acelerado y una gestión más eficiente de los recursos. Al mismo tiempo, hace hincapié en los riesgos —cuestiones éticas, legales y de seguridad de los datos— que complican la integración responsable de estas tecnologías. Se presta especial atención a los esfuerzos de Ucrania por implementar reformas en materia de salud electrónica, ampliar la telemedicina e incorporar la IA en la práctica clínica durante la guerra en curso. Se analizan experiencias internacionales y nacionales para evaluar la aplicabilidad y las consecuencias de las soluciones de IA en la atención sanitaria. El artículo concluye subrayando la urgente necesidad de marcos jurídicos integrales, normas éticas y mecanismos de protección de datos para maximizar el potencial de la IA en la medicina y minimizar al mismo tiempo las amenazas a los derechos humanos y la seguridad.
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