The Intangibility of Cooperatives as a Competitive Advantage
The competitive success of companies, according to Navas and Urbina (2002), comes from the identification and management of intangible assets, which has become indispensable for organizations when making a correct assessment of their productive processes. The valuation of productive processes in the field of cooperative management has not remained aloof from this procedure, but nor does it receive the value that it deserves, because the cooperative sector has also failed to value its positioning in the productive realm in which it works and what this leads to. However, the strategies of companies and cooperatives today
require a correct and sure knowledge of the intangibility of their own products, and of the effects of their activities in the areas in which they move. Intangible assets are becoming the key to the competitive success of companies, so that their identification, measurement and assessment is a relevant field of study that is now even indispensable for an organization. In this article, the cooperatives in the province of Toledo have been chosen as an example of the potential for the application of strategies for valuation of intangibles, and as a tool for competitive advantage in the context of the opening of new international commercialization channels.
How to Cite
License
As the author of the article declares that is an original unpublished work exclusively created by me, that it has not been submitted for simultaneous evaluation by another publication and that there is no impediment of any kind for concession of the rights provided for in this contract.
In this sense, I am committed to await the result of the evaluation by the journal Cooperativismo & Desarrollo before considering its submission to another medium; in case the response by that publication is positive, additionally, I am committed to respond for any action involving claims, plagiarism or any other kind of claim that could be made by third parties.
At the same time, as the author or co-author, I declare that I am completely in agreement with the conditions presented in this work and that I cede all patrimonial rights, in other words, regarding reproduction, public communication, distribution, dissemination, transformation, making it available and all forms of exploitation of the work using any medium or procedure, during the term of the legal protection of the work and in every country in the world, to the Universidad Cooperativa de Colombia Press.
Barney, J. B. (1991). Firm Resources and Sustained Competitive Advantage. Journal of Management, 17, 99-120. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/014920639101700108
Bontis, N. (2003). National Intellectual Capital Index. UNDP/RBAS (Working paper).
Bueno, E. (2000a). La economía del conocimiento. La importancia de los intangibles. En E. Bueno y M. P. Salvador, Perspectivas sobre dirección de conocimiento y capital intelectual. Madrid: Euroforum Escorial.
Bueno, E. (2000b). La sociedad del conocimiento reclama capital intangible. En E. Bueno, A. Aragón, García-Morales, El capital intangible frente al capital intelectual de la empresa desde la perspectiva de las capacidades dinámicas. (Documento de trabajo). Zaragoza, xi Congreso Nacional de acede.
Calvo, A. y López, V. (2003). Percepción de intangibles y sus consecuencias sobre el rendimiento empresarial: una aproximación empírica a las pymes gallegas. Revista Galega de Economía, 12(2), 1-16.
Cooke, P., Uranga, M. C. y Etxebarría, G. (1998). Regional Systems of Innovation: An Evolutionary Perspective. Environment and Planning a, 30, 1563-1584. http://dx.doi.org/10.1068/a301563
Cooke, P. (2002). Knowledge Economies: Clusters, Learning and Cooperative Advantage. London: Routledge. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9780203445402
Coronado, D. y Acosta, M. (1999). Innovación tecnológica y desarrollo regional. Información Española, 781, 103-116.
Gallego, J. R. (2008). La articulación local-global de sistemas territoriales de producción y de innovación. Revista de Estudios Regionales, 84, 53-82.
Grant, R. (1996). Dirección estratégica. Madrid: Civitas.
Itami, H. y Roelh, T. (1987). Mobilizing Invisible Assets. Cambridge: Harvard University Press.
Hamel, G. y Prahalad, C. K. (1990). The Core Competence of the Corporation. Harvard Business Review, 68, 79-91.
Hall, R. (1992). The Strategic Analysis of Intangible Resources. Strategic Management Journal, 13(2), 135-144. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/smj.4250130205
Lundvall, B. A. y Johnson, B. (1994). The Learning Economy. Journal of Industry Studies, 1(2), 23-42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/13662719400000002
Markides, C. y Williamson, P. (1994). Related Diversification, Core Competencies and Corporate Performance. Strategic Management Journal, 15, 149-167. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/smj.4250151010
Miller, D. y Shamsie, J. (1996). The Resource-Based View of the Firm in Two Environments: the Hollywood Films Studios from 1936 to 1965. Academy of Management Journal, 39, 519-543. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/256654
Morales, A. C. (2002). La construcción del capital social a través de la economía social: el caso andaluz. REVESCO, 78, 85-119.
Mozas, A. y Bernal, E. (2006). Desarrollo territorial y economía social. CIRIEC-España, 55, 125-140.
Mozas, A., Murgado, E., Parras, M., Senise, O. y Torres, J. (1997). La concentración de las cooperativas oleícolas en Andalucía y sus efectos en la comercialización de aceites envasados. En Estudios socio-económicos y de mercado encaminados a la concentración de la oferta por parte de las cooperativas. Universidad de Jaén.
Mugarra, A. (2005). Capital social y cooperativas: la experiencia en el país vasco. Economiaz, 59, 307-329.
Mulet, J. (1998). La innovación tecnológica, fuente de competitividad para la empresa española. Economistas, 17(80), 356-369.
Navas, J. E. y Ortiz de Urbina, M. (2002). El capital intelectual en la empresa: análisis de criterios y clasificación multidimensional. Economía Industrial, 346, 163-172.
Nonaka, I. (1991). The Knowledge Creating Company. Harvard Business Review, 69, 96-114.
Organización de Cooperación y Desarrollo Económico (OCDE). (1999). Managing National Innovation Systems. París: OCDE.
Porter, M. (1980). Competitive Strategy: Techniques for analyzing industries and competitor. New York: Free Press.
Rallet, A. y Torre, A. (2004). Proximité et localization. Économie Rurale, 280, 103-129. http://dx.doi.org/10.3406/ecoru.2004.5470
Sanz, F. J., Rodríguez-Zúñiga, M. y Mili, S. (1997). El sector del Aceite de Oliva ante la globalización de mercados: reflexiones desde una perspectiva de demanda. Economía Agraria, 181, 209-242.
Sanz, F. J., Rodríguez-Zúñiga, R. y Mili, S. (1998). Estrategias competitivas ante la globalización de los intercambios comerciales: la cadena del aceite de oliva. Revista Agroalimentaria, 4(7), 109-120.
Spear, R. (2001). The Cooperative Advantage. Annals of Public and Cooperative Economics, 71, 507-523. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/1467-8292.00151
Suárez, I. (1999). Decisiones de recorte de plantilla en la gran empresa española. Investigaciones Europeas de Dirección y Economía de la Empresa, 5, 79-100.
Vargas-Montoya, P. (2000). Características de los activos intangibles. Barcelona: Fundación Iberoamericana del Conocimiento. Disponible en: http://www.unipamplona.edu.co/unipamplona/portalIG/home_10/recursos/general/documentos/pdf/14072011/1caracteristicas.pdf
