Síndrome de burnout e qualidade de vida laboral em profissionais de serviços sanitários
Universidad de Salamanca
Doctora en Psicología. Profesora asociada del Departamento de Personalidad, Evaluación y Tratamiento Psicológico, Facultad de Psicología
email: nrobaina@usal.es
Universidad de Salamanca
Doctora en Psicología. Profesora titular del Departamento de Personalidad, Evaluación y Tratamiento Psicológico, Facultad de Psicología
email: crisje@usal.es
Universidad Autónoma de San Luis Potosí
Doctora en Enfermería. Profesora investigadora de tiempo completo, Facultad de Enfermería
email: redazul@hotmail.com
Pontificia Universidad Católica de Valparaiso
Doctora en Investigación sobre Discapacidad. Docente asociada de tiempo completo, Facultad de Educación
email: vanejuay@gmail.com
Universidad Autónoma de San Luis Potosí
Doctora en Enfermería. Profesora investigadora de tiempo completo, Facultad de Enfermería
email: salina67@hotmail.com
O objetivo deste trabalho consistiu em analisar os fatores associados à qualidade de vida laboral e sua relação com a síndrome de burnout em profissionais de serviços sanitários. A amostra foi formada por 562 trabalhadores pertencentes ao setor sanitário, nos quais se avaliaram os estressores ou demandas laborais, o apoio social percebido, a síndrome de burnout, diversos fatores de saúde biopsicossocial e a satisfação e a qualidade de vida laboral percebida. Os instrumentos utilizados foram o Maslach Burnout Inventory-General Survey (MBI-GS), o Job Content Questionnarie (JCQ) e o Questionário Geral de Saúde do bberg de Goldberg (GHQ-28). Os resultados obtidos evidenciaram altas taxas de estresse, bem como a presença de burnout ou síndrome de “queimar-se” pelo trabalho. Também foram constatadas repercussões na saúde física e psicológica dos profissionais. As análises de variação demonstraram a existência de diferenças significativas em função de variáveis como a categoria profissional e os anos de exercício na profissão. Além disso, as análises de regressão confirmaram que a qualidade de vida laboral experimentada pelo pessoal sanitário é produto do equilíbrio entre as demandas, os recursos e a ausência de burnout. Os resultados justificam a necessidade de intervir com esses profissionais para melhorar tanto sua saúde quanto a qualidade dos serviços oferecidos.
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