Factorial Validity of a Spanish Language Generativity Scale: Yet Another Scale with Method Effects?

Dinorah Altagracia García Romero; Irene Fernández; José Manuel Tomás; Consuelo Cerviño Vásquez; Sylvia Georgieva

doi:10.16925/pe.v13i22.1984

Factorial Validity of a Spanish Language Generativity Scale : Yet Another Scale with Method Effects?

Original Research Articles

https://doi.org/10.16925/pe.v13i22.1984

Dinorah Altagracia García Romero Ver Biografía

Instituto Superior de Estudios Educativos Pedro Poveda

Irene Fernández Ver Biografía

Universidad de Valencia

José Manuel Tomás Ver Biografía

Universidad de Valencia

Consuelo Cerviño Vásquez Ver Biografía

Universidad de Valencia

Sylvia Georgieva Ver Biografía

Universidad de Valencia

Introduction: The term “generativity” was used for the first time by Erikson (1950). It refers to the state of adulthood in the life cycle, which implies procreativity, productivity and creativity, it also impulses the development of one’s own identity. There are several ways to measure generativity such as interviews, direct observation, case studies, or self-report questionnaires. The most widely used method is self-report, and among the available scales, the Loyola Generativity Scale (LGS) is one of the salient scales. lgs is a self-report measure composed of twenty items that measure a general factor of generativity.

Objective: This study examined the factorial validity and internal consistency of the adaptation of the Loyola Generativity Scale to Spanish for its use with Dominican teachers.

Method: Two competitive factor models were tested based on previous existing literature, and a third model with method effects associated to negatively worded items was added, in order to find the best fitting solution for this sample. In order to examine the factorial validity of the three models, three Confirmatory Factor Analysis (CFA) were performed, and internal consistency and composite reliability indices were also calculated.

Results: In general, the three models showed good psychometric properties. However, the third model that considered a general factor of generativity together with a method effect factor showed the best fit for this sample.

Conclusion: Implications for an adequate measurement of generativity are discussed. More research is needed to examine if these properties are stable on different samples from different populations.

Keywords: bias, creativity, procreativity, productivity, negatively worded items

Blanco, A. y Díaz, D. (2005) El bienestar social: su concepto y medición [The social wellbeing: it’s concept and measurement]. Psicothema, 17, 582-589. https://goo.gl/BPwSgE

Carmines, E. G., y Zeller, R. A. (1979). Reliability and validity assessment. Beverly Hills, CA: Sage.

Cheng, S. (2009). Generativity in Later Life: Perceived Respect From Younger Generations as a Determinant of Goal Disengagement and Psychological Well-being. The Journal of Gerontology, 64B, 45-54. https://doi.org/10.1093/geronb/gbn027

Cornaccione, M., Urrutia, A., Ferragut, L. P., Moisset, G., Guzmán, E. y Sesma, S. (2012). Validez y estabilidad de la Escala Multidimensional de Generatividad (EMG) [Validity and stability of the Generativity Multidimensional Scale (GMS)]. Anuario de investigaciones, 1, 218-228. https://goo.gl/yrcVHv

Dalal, D. K., y Carter, N. T. (2015). Negatively worded items negatively impact survey research. In C. E. Lance and R. J. Vandenberg (Eds.), More statistical and methodological myths and urban legends. New York, NY: Routledge.

DiStefano, C., y Motl, R. W. (2009). Personality correlates of method effects due to negatively worded items on the Rosenberg Self-Esteem scale. Personality and Individual Differences, 46, 309–313. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.paid.2008.10.020

Erikson, E. (1950). Childhood and society (1st ed.). New York: Norton

Erikson, E. (2007). El ciclo vital completado. [The vital cycle completed]. Barcelona: Paidós.

Fernández, B. (2012). Un análisis multidimensional del síndrome de Burnout en profesorado de conservatorios y Enseñanza secundaria [A multidimensional analysis of the burnout syndrome in music teachers]. Tesis doctoral Departamento de Psicología Evolutiva y de la Educación, Universidad de Valencia. https://goo.gl/dNHkjJ

Hart, H. M., McAdams, D. P., Hirsch, B. J., y Bauer, J. J. (2001). Generativity and Social Involvement among African Americans and White Adults. Journal of Research in Personality, 35, 208-230. https://doi.org/10.1006/jrpe.2001.2318

Hofer, J., Busch, H., Chasiotis, A., Kärtner, J., y Campos, D. (2008). Concern for generativity and its relation to implicit pro-social power motivation, generative goals, and satisfaction with life: A cross-cultural investigation. Journal of Personality, 76, 1-30. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-6494.2007.00478.x

Horan, P. M., DiStefano, C., y Motl, R. W. (2003). Wording effects in self-esteem scales: Methodological artifact or response style? Structural Equation Modelling, 10, 435–455. doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.1207/S15328007SEM1003_6

Hu, L., y Bentler, P. M. (1999). Cut-off criteria for fit indexes in covariance structure analysis: conventional criteria versus new alternatives. Structural Equation Modelling, 6, 1-55. doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/10705519909540118

Krejcie, R. and Morgan, D. (1970). Determining Sample Size for Research Activities. Educational and Psychological Measurement, 30, 607-610. doi: htpp://dx.doi.org/10.1177/001316447003000308

McAdams, D. P., y St Aubin, E. D. (1992). A theory of Generativity and its assessment through self-report, behavioral acts, and narrative themes in autobiography. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 62, 1003-1015. doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.1037/0022-3514.62.6.1003

Motl, R. W., y DiStefano, C. (2002). Longitudinal invariance of self-esteem and method effects associated with negatively worded items. Structural Equation Modelling, 9, 562–578. doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.1207/S15328007SEM0904_6

Peterson, B., y Stewart, A. (1990). Using personal and fictional documents to assess psychosocial development: A case study of Vera Britain's generativity. Psychology and Aging, 5, 400–411. doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.1037/0882-7974.5.3.400

Ryff, C. D., y Migdal, S. (1984). Intimacy and generativity: Self-perceived transitions. Signs, 9, 470–481. doi: https://doi.org/10.1086/494072

Slater, Ch. (2003). Generativity versus Stagnation: An elaboration of Erikson´s adult stage of human development. Journal of Adult Development, 10, 53. doi: https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1020790820868

Tanaka, J. S. (1993). Multifaceted conceptions of fit in structural equation models. In K. A. Bollen y J. S. Long (Ed.), Testing structural equation models (pp. 10-39). Newbury Park, CA: Sage.

Tomás, J. M. y Oliver, A. (1999). Rosenberg’s Self-Esteem scale: Two factors or method effects. Structural Equation Modeling, 6, 84-98. doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/10705519909540120

Tomás, J. M., Oliver, A., Galiana, L., Sancho, P. y Lila, M. (2013). Explaining method effects associated to negatively worded items in trait and state global and domain-specific self-esteem scales. Structural Equation Modelling: A Multidisciplinary Journal, 20, 299-313. doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/10705511.2013.769394

Vaillant, G.E. y Milofsky, E. (1980). Natural history of male psychological health: IX. Empirical evidence for Erikson's model of the life cycle. American Journal of Psychiatry, 137,1348-1359. doi: https://doi.org/10.1176/ajp.137.11.1348

Villar, F., López, O., y Celdrán, M. (2013). La generatividad en la vejez y su relación con su bienestar: ¿Quién más contribuye es quien más se beneficia? [Generativity in the elderly and its relationship with well-being: ¿Is who most contributes who most benefits?] Anales de Psicología, 29, 897-906. doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.6018/analesps.29.3.145171

Wang, J., Siegal, H. A., Falck, R. S., y Carlson, R. G. (2001). Factorial structure of Rosenberg’s Self-Esteem scale among crack-cocaine drug users. Structural Equation Modelling, 8, 275–286. doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.1207/S15328007SEM0802_6

Wink, P., y Dillon, M. (2003). Religiousness, spirituality, and psychological functioning in late adulthood: findings from a longitudinal study. Psychology and aging. 18, 4, 916-924. doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.1037/0882-7974.18.4.916

Zacarés, J., y Serra, E. (2011). Explorando el territorio adulto: La clave de la generatividad [Exploring the adult territory: The key for generativity]. Cultura y educación, 23, 75-88. Disponible en https://goo.gl/SWu438

García Romero, D. A., Fernández, I., Tomás, J. M., Cerviño Vásquez, C., & Georgieva, S. (2017). Factorial Validity of a Spanish Language Generativity Scale: Yet Another Scale with Method Effects?. Pensando Psicología, 13(22), 5-13. https://doi.org/10.16925/pe.v13i22.1984

Download Citation

As the author of the article, I declare that is an original unpublished work exclusively created by me, that it has not been submitted for simultaneous evaluation by another publication and that there is no impediment of any kind for concession of the rights provided for in this contract.

In this sense, I am committed to await the result of the evaluation by the journal Pensando Psicología before considering its submission to another medium; in case the response by that publication is positive, additionally, I am committed to respond for any action involving claims, plagiarism or any other kind of claim that could be made by third parties.

At the same time, as the author or co-author, I declare that I am completely in agreement with the conditions presented in this work and that I cede all patrimonial rights, in other words, regarding reproduction, public communication, distribution, dissemination, transformation, making it available and all forms of exploitation of the work using any medium or procedure, during the term of the legal protection of the work and in every country in the world, to the Universidad Cooperativa de Colombia Press.

Issue

Vol. 13 No. 22 (2017)

Published

2017-10-26

Downloads

PDF

HTML

Metrics

Metrics Loading ...

https://plu.mx/plum/a/?doi=10.16925/pe.v13i22.1984