Una revisión de la relación entre la ludopatía, el trastorno de déficit de atención e hiperactividad y la enfermedad de Parkinson
Objetivo: para la presente revisión, se consultaron publicaciones en el campo de la ludopatía que tratan de sus relaciones con otros trastornos, principalmente el trastorno por déficit de atención con hiperactividad (TDAH) y la enfermedad de Parkinson (EP).
Método: la presente revisión tiene en cuenta 63 referencias publicadas entre 1987 y 2017 y tuvo en cuenta estudios en humanos y revisiones sobre la comorbilidad de la ludopatía con el TDAH o la EP. Los términos de la búsqueda incluyeron: ludopatía, comorbilidad de la ludopatía, ludopatía y TDAH, ludopatía y EP, ludopatía e impulsividad. Esta revisión se centró en el vínculo entre la ludopatía y el TDAH o la EP, puesto que existía un gran número de publicaciones relacionadas con estos trastornos. Para su organización, el presente trabajo se dividió en dos partes principales: 1) el análisis de revisiones científicas anteriores sobre la ludopatía y 2) el resumen y las conclusiones del trabajo experimental sobre la ludopatía.
Conclusiones: las conclusiones principales de esta revisión son: 1) los sujetos con ludopatía tienen una mayor incidencia del TDAH (y también del trastorno de déficit de atención [TDA]), 2) la presencia del TDAH en sujetos que sufren de ludopatía implica más retos para el sistema de salud y 3) los tratamientos de la EP que aumentan el agonismo del receptor tipo dopamina están relacionados con una probabilidad elevada de desarrollar un problema de juego o un trastorno de control de impulsos.
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