Selective Prevention for Anxiety and Resilience Promotion: Outcomes of an Anxiety Prevention and Resilience Program with Girls at Risk

Julia Gallegos Guajardo; Norma A. Ruvalcaba Romero; Audra Langley; Diana Villegas Guinea

doi:10.16925/pe.v11i18.1001

Prevención selectiva de la ansiedad y promoción de la resiliencia : resultados de un programa de resiliencia y prevención de la ansiedad con niñas en riesgo

Artículos originales de investigación

https://doi.org/10.16925/pe.v11i18.1001

Autores/as

Julia Gallegos Guajardo University of Monterrey
Norma A. Ruvalcaba Romero University of Guadalajara
Audra Langley University of California
Diana Villegas Guinea Universidad Iberoamericana

Introducción: Las investigaciones han demostrado que el número de niños y adolescentes que experimentan dificultades emocionales como la ansiedad va en aumento, sobre todo para los grupos en situación de riesgo. Vivir en un orfanato se ha considerado un factor de riesgo de retraso en el desarrollo social, emocional y conductual de un individuo. Objetivo: El objetivo de este estudio era evaluar la eficacia de la versión en español del programa friends, un programa de resiliencia basado en la tcc, con 57 niñas de bajo nivel socioeconómico (nse) que estaban viviendo en un orfanato. Método: Las participantes recibieron el programa durante diez semanas consecutivas y se recogieron las medidas previas y posteriores a la prueba. Las medidas evaluaban los síntomas de ansiedad, el nivel de autoconcepto, la esperanza, la capacidad de afrontamiento y las dificultades psicosociales de las participantes. También se evaluó la validez social. Resultados: Los resultados mostraron cambios positivos, incluyendo una disminución en los síntomas de ansiedad y las dificultades psicosociales, así como un aumento en su capacidad proactiva de afrontamiento. Varias subescalas y elementos de las medidas de resultado para autoconcepto y esperanza también reportaron mejorías estadísticamente significativas. Conclusiones: Las participantes y los padres/cuidadores informaron que el programa era agradable y útil. Se discuten las implicaciones de los hallazgos y las direcciones para futuras investigaciones.

Palabras clave: ansiedad, programa cognitivoconductual, resiliencia en orfanatos, prevención

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Gallegos Guajardo, J., Ruvalcaba Romero, N. A., Langley, A., & Villegas Guinea, D. (2015). Prevención selectiva de la ansiedad y promoción de la resiliencia: resultados de un programa de resiliencia y prevención de la ansiedad con niñas en riesgo. Pensando Psicología, 11(18), 11–23. https://doi.org/10.16925/pe.v11i18.1001

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