Interpretación de tratados internacionales
recomendaciones para los investigadores juristas
El cumplimiento de las obligaciones legales consagradas en los tratados de derechos humanos por los Estados Parte implica la plena comprensión del contenido y el alcance de dichas obligaciones. Los Estados Parte pueden ser asistidos en esta tarea a través de la producción académica de los investigadores juristas, quienes facilitan la interpretación del articulado de los tratados. Este artículo presenta algunas reflexiones académicas sobre la interpretación de los tratados como una metodología de investigación en derecho que permite analizar el contenido y el alcance del articulado de los tratados. Las reglas y los principios de interpretación de los tratados se encuentran codificados en los artículos 31 y 32 de la Convención de Viena sobre el Derecho de los Tratados (CVDT). Sin embargo, la aplicación de los artículos 31 y 32 cvdt puede ser una tarea desafiante para algunos investigadores, quienes requieren adecuado entrenamiento sobre el particular. Este artículo, con base en una revisión de literatura, ofrece a los investigadores un análisis reflexivo sobre la aplicación de las reglas de la CVDT en la práctica. Además, se han incluido ejemplos de decisiones judiciales que son relevantes para comprender el uso de las reglas de la cvdt por parte de cortes nacionales e internacionales. De tal modo, este artículo genera aportes al conocimiento sobre la metodología de la interpretación de tratados y la presenta como un proceso racional activo, cuyos resultados son la base legal para evaluar el cumplimiento de las obligaciones por parte de los Estados Parte en el derecho internacional de los derechos humanos, entre otros.
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