Artículos de revisión

Amelogênese imperfeita

um sinal de distúrbios renais?

v. 17 n. 2 (2021)
Publicado: 2021-07-12
Victor Hugo Simancas Escorcia
María del Pilar Luján

Introdução: A amelogênese imperfeita (IA) constitui um grupo heterogêneo de alterações que impactam a estrutura do esmalte dentário de origem genética. Este produto patológico de alterações fisiológicas durante a odontogênese modifica a estrutura e a aparência clínica do esmalte, dando-lhe uma aparência fina e menos resistência. Foi descrito que a IA pode aparecer isoladamente ou de maneira sindrômica.

Objetivo: Descrever as síndromes que afetam o sistema renal e apresentam amelogênese imperfeita de acordo com as evidências científicas atuais.

Método: foi realizada uma busca eletrônica na literatura até setembro de 2019, com os termos Amelogenesis imperfecta, renal AND / OR Amelogenesis Imperfecta e AND / OR Síndrome Amelogenesis Imperfecta.

Resultados: 1660 artigos foram pré-selecionados, dos quais 52 foram considerados para esta revisão. Identificou-se que a síndrome Amelogênese imperfeita-nefrocalcinose, síndrome de Raine, síndrome de Bartter, acidose tubular renal distal e hipomagnesemia primária familiar com hipercalciúria e nefrocalcinose são condições renais que coincidem concomitantemente com um fenótipo dental.

Conclusão: Esta revisão nos permitiu demonstrar que alterações no esmalte dentário tipo AI constituem um sinal de alerta para entidades patológicas que afetam o funcionamento renal. Recomenda-se que os profissionais de odontologia, um diagnóstico estabelecido de amelogênese imperfeita, considerem encaminhar esses pacientes a um serviço de nefrologia.

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