Modelo geosemántico híbrido para la recomendación de alojamientos turísticos basado en web scraping y evaluación no supervisada
Introducción: Este artículo es el resultado de la investigación Modelo de recomendación de alojamientos turísticos mediante Machine Learning, con extracción de información a través de la técnica Web Scraping, desarrollada en la Universidad Distrital Francisco José de Caldas en 2026.
Problema: La falta de datos estructurados y del historial de los usuarios dificulta las recomendaciones de alojamientos. Aunque el Web Scraping es una forma de obtención de información [2], este proceso suele generar inconsistencias y variaciones en los datos, lo que produce recomendaciones imprecisas.
Objetivo: Diseñar y evaluar un sistema de recomendación híbrido geo-semántico que integre la similitud entre alojamientos y la proximidad geográfica, utilizando datos obtenidos mediante Web Scraping.
Metodología: Se realizó Web Scraping de 13.204 alojamientos de Colombia en Booking.com, cuya información fue procesada y representada en vectores. Luego, el modelo se evaluó mediante la desviación estándar de la similitud, la similitud intra-lista y la cercanía geográfica.
Resultados: El modelo obtuvo una similitud promedio de 0.868 y una distancia media de 0.16 km. Se comparó con Booking.com, donde el modelo recomendó alojamientos con mayor coherencia semántica y geográfica.
Conclusiones: El modelo geo-semántico genera recomendaciones de alojamientos acordes con sus características y posición geográfica, a partir de datos obtenidos mediante Web Scraping, sin utilizar información de interacción de los usuarios.
Originalidad: Se propone un modelo de recomendación geo-semántico que integra la similitud semántica y la cercanía geográfica, utilizando datos obtenidos mediante Web Scraping en Booking.com para generar recomendaciones de alojamientos en Colombia.
Limitaciones: El modelo no incluye información previa sobre la interacción de los usuarios.
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Derechos de autor 2026 Ingeniería Solidaria
Esta obra está bajo una licencia internacional Creative Commons Atribución 4.0.
Compromiso ético y cesión de derechos
El autor debe declarar que su trabajo es original e inédito y que no se ha postulado a evaluación simultánea para su publicación por otro medio. Además, debe asegurar que no tiene impedimentos de ninguna naturaleza para la concesión de los derechos previstos en el contrato.
El autor se compromete a esperar el resultado de evaluación de la revista Ingeniería Solidaria, antes de considerar su presentación a otro medio; en caso de que la respuesta de publicación sea positiva, adicionalmente, se compromete a responder por cualquier acción de reivindicación, plagio u otra clase de reclamación que al respecto pudiera sobrevenir por parte de terceros.
Asimismo, debe declarar que, como autor o coautor, está de acuerdo por completo con los contenidos presentados en el trabajo y ceder todos los derechos patrimoniales, es decir, su reproducción, comunicación pública, distribución, divulgación, transformación, puesta a disposición y demás formas de utilización de la obra por cualquier medio o procedimiento, por el término de su protección legal y en todos los países del mundo, al Fondo Editorial de la Universidad Cooperativa de Colombia, de manera gratuita y sin contraprestación presente o futura.
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