Compreensão da regulamentação legal do incitamento ao suicídio no direito penal contemporâneo com um estudo de caso na Bósnia e Herzegovina
O incitamento ao suicídio tem sido regulamentado de forma diferente na maioria dos sistemas jurídicos em todo o mundo, tanto por meio de codificação direta quanto como parte de outros delitos criminais. A mídia moderna de comunicação que foi desenvolvida trouxe novos desafios legais para evitar o impacto prejudicial de uma pessoa para outra, o que pode resultar em suicídio. Muito recentemente, casos semelhantes ocorreram na Bósnia e Herzegovina, deixando muitas questões não resolvidas: os indivíduos que zombavam das vítimas (on-line) deveriam ser tratados como incitadores e, portanto, criminosos. Portanto, a revelação da regulamentação legal do ato de ofensa criminal Incitação ao Suicídio testa se a legislação atualizou suas normas de acordo com esses novos desafios. Por meio de métodos doutrinários e comparativos, a análise jurídica da regulamentação do incitamento ao suicídio será conduzida neste manuscrito, apesar das diferenças factuais em suas sanções e das dificuldades na persecução penal, com foco na legislação penal da Bósnia e Herzegovina. Será feita uma comparação com a regulamentação dos Estados Unidos, Reino Unido, Holanda e Alemanha. O manuscrito resultará em recomendações sobre a prevenção de eventos críticos e o incitamento ao suicídio.
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