Implementación de un fondo fiduciario como cuasi-fideicomiso
El artículo analiza las perspectivas y los principales retos de la implementación de la institución del fondo fiduciario como constructo jurídico cuasi fiduciario en el contexto de la actual recodificación del Código Civil de Ucrania. La principal razón para introducir la regulación legal de los fondos fiduciarios radica en la necesidad económica de retener y proteger la inversión nacional, ya que algunos de los inversores ucranianos optan por regímenes jurídicos extranjeros, principalmente debido a la flexibilidad y la protección de activos que ofrecen las estructuras fiduciarias. El estudio demuestra que la armonización con las normas jurídicas europeas y mundiales se considera imperativa, pero que determinados tipos de fideicomisos, como los fideicomisos «derrochadores» y los fideicomisos con amplia discrecionalidad, revelan prácticas abusivas que deben prevenirse en la legislación nacional. El análisis comparativo de la legislación ucraniana sobre instituciones de inversión colectiva revela similitudes con los fideicomisos discrecionales, pero también destaca características únicas y salvaguardias reglamentarias. La investigación hace hincapié en la necesidad de claridad conceptual en lo que respecta a las obligaciones fiduciarias, así como a la interacción con el derecho de familia y sucesorio. La conclusión afirma que una reforma cuidadosa de las instituciones de inversión colectiva, en consonancia con las normas locales e internacionales, podría mejorar tanto la actividad económica como la protección de las partes interesadas, al tiempo que se minimizan los riesgos de uso indebido y la incertidumbre jurídica.
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