Economia Circular e Cooperativismo
uma revisão da literatura sobre acontribuição da intercooperação para a transformação
Diante dos grandes desafios decorrentes das alterações climáticas, como o desaparecimento dos recursos naturais ou o excesso de resíduos, é possível analisar experiências valiosas de cooperativas que se esforçam por incorporar os princípios da economia circular na sua gestão. Desta forma, as cooperativas associam o cuidado das pessoas, centro da sua atividade, com a sua preocupação com o ambiente.
Para compreender essas experiências e como estão a ser construídos os modelos de negócio que resolvem essa incorporação, foi realizada uma revisão da literatura com base no guia Elementos de Relatório Preferidos para Revisões Sistemáticas e Meta-análises (PRISMA, na sigla em inglês), com foco nos modelos de negócio e nas estratégias de intercooperação.
A análise da literatura selecionada desenvolve-se em relação a quatro eixos temáticos principais: visão e conceito de economia circular; o papel das empresas; o caso das cooperativas; e os caminhos colaborativos, ou seja, simbiose industrial, redes e conglomerados e intercooperação.
Os resultados sugerem que, embora as cooperativas estejam em melhor posição do que as empresas convencionais para enfrentar as transformações exigidas por uma visão, conceito e práticas transformadoras da economia circular, superar as barreiras requer a colaboração entre cooperativas e, acima de tudo, outros atores.
Para isso, é necessário um quadro jurídico que facilite essa colaboração e a documentação detalhada de experiências em diferentes contextos que permitam dialogar e aprender uns com os outros sobre o uso de ferramentas que facilitem o caminho para a transformação dos seus modelos de negócio.
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